Combined thermal and catalytic treatment of heavy petroleum in a slurry phase counterflow reactor
Inactive Publication Date: 2005-02-10
CONOCOPHILLIPS CO
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Benefits of technology
[0017] Heavier liquid within the liquid phase thermal reaction zone passes to a catalytic reaction zone below the liquid phase thermal reaction zone. Hot hydrogen gas is introduced and injected into the reactor vessel at the catalytic reaction zone through a hydrogen gas inlet. The hot hydrogen gas bubbles upward through the reactor vessel in countercurrent mode to the downward movement of the liquid feedstock. The hydrogen gas also assists in carrying the gaseous hydrocarbon product which is formed from the thermal and the catalytic treatment occurring within the reactor vessel.
[0020] The catalytic reaction zone will contain the desired amount and quantity of catalysts to chemically hydrogenate the liquid. Catalysts may be added or removed without shutting down of the process through a catalyst addition system. A portion of the residual stream exiting the outlet line at the bottom of the reactor may be directed through a buffer tank having a catalyst addition system. Accordingly, the amount of catalyst may be varied and controlled. Finally, the unconverted residual material having passed through the buffer tank returns to the catalytic reaction zone of the reactor vessel via a return line. This provides an additional advantage for further hydrogenation of unconverted residue.
Problems solved by technology
In this zone, further thermal cracking takes place.
Method used
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[0023] The embodiments discussed herein are merely illustrative of specific manners in which to make and use the invention and are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the instant invention.
[0024] While the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is to be noted that many modifications may be made in the details of the invention's construction and the arrangement of its components without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes of exemplification.
[0025] Referring to the drawings in detail, FIG. 1 illustrates atypical conventional cocurrent slurry reactor 10 as found in the prior art. The conventional reactor system includes a reactor vessel 12 having an inlet 14 at the base of the reactor vessel wherein heavy petroleum oil feedstock and hydrogen gas are introduced. Following reaction in the vessel, the hydrocarbon product is r...
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Abstract
A slurry phase reactor is designed to treat extra heavy petroleum crude in a combination of thermal-zone and catalytic-zone in a counterflow system where liquid feed is added to the top and hydrogen at the bottom. Feed enters the gas-phase thermal zone, where it passes to a liquid-phase thermal zone. In the liquid-phase thermal zone, the hydrocarbon is thermally cracked and the unreacted liquid is further passed to a catalytic-zone below in communication with the thermal-zone. Catalyst can be added or removed as required in a continuous mode without shutting down the system. The heat generated inside the catalytic cracking zone is distributed to the entire reactor as the gaseous product flows upward. Feed is brought to the reaction conditions by the heat recovered from the gas-phase zone. Reaction temperature could be controlled by feed temperature.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a reactor process and apparatus to treat extra heavy crude petroleum containing high concentrations of asphaltenes, acids, metals and heteroatoms. In particular, the present invention is directed to a reactor and a process which combines thermal and catalytic treatment of heavy petroleum liquid in a slurry phase counterflow reactor, where liquid feed is fed from the top and hydrogen from the bottom. [0003] 2. Prior Art [0004] Various designs have been utilized in the past for hydrotreatment of heavy petroleum oil in cocurrent mode in a slurry reactor. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a typical conventional up-flow cocurrent slurry reactor. In this type of known reactor, a liquid petroleum feedstock and hydrogen are introduced to the bottom of a reactor vessel. The gaseous hydrocarbon product is removed from the top of the vessel after reaction. [0005] Likewise, fixed bed catalyst syst...
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Login to View More IPC IPC(8): B01J8/00B01J8/22C10G47/22C10G65/10
CPCB01J8/0035B01J8/22B01J8/228B01J2208/00256B01J2208/00274C10G65/10B01J2208/00539B01J2208/0061B01J2208/0084C10G47/22B01J2208/00283
InventorBANERJEE, DWIJEN K.
OwnerCONOCOPHILLIPS CO