Method for raising cotton yield and plantation benefits of high saline and alkaline land

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for raising the cotton yield and plantation benefits of high saline and alkaline land. The method comprises the following steps of flattening and desalinating soil in winner; covering the soil with a mulch film in early spring; applying a fertilizer in the last ten-day of April and early May, wherein the fertilizer applied to each hectare of land ranges from 90 kg to 100 kg when being converted into the pure N amount, the P<2>O<5> amount ranges from 42 kg to 45 kg, the K<2>O amount ranges from 30 kg to 35 kg, and a loss-controlled fertilizer mixed with attapulgite is selected as the fertilizer variety; conducting cotton sowing after fertilizer application is ended; after cotton seedlings emerge, conducting seedling final signaling and filling the gaps with seedlings in time, wherein the number of plants per mu is 42-45 thousand plants / hm<2>; during the period when three leaves emerge out of each cotton seedling in early June, intercropping soybeans among cotton lines; harvesting the soybeans in the last ten-day of September, and picking the first batch of ripe unginned cotton. According to the method, by improving the fertilizer application technology and adopting cotton and soybean intercropping, commensalism growth of cotton crops and soybean crops is synergized, fertilizer losses are reduced, and the saline and alkaline land soil is restored. Contrast tests show that compared with a traditional method, by means of the method, the cotton yield and the soybean yield can be obviously raised.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an agricultural planting technology, in particular to a method for increasing cotton yield and planting benefit in heavily saline-alkaline land. Background technique [0002] Cotton is an important economic crop, which has the characteristics of salt-alkali tolerance and can be planted in large areas in mild and moderate saline-alkali areas. In recent years, through the comprehensive utilization of measures such as winter salt water freezing irrigation, spring salt water ice thawing, and salt suppression and moisture conservation, methods have been explored to grow cotton in large areas in coastal severely saline-alkali land. Cotton has a long growth cycle. The growth period is from sowing at the end of April to picking in mid-November, which lasts up to 180 days. The demand for fertilizer is high, and insufficient fertilizer application will affect the growth and production of cotton plants. At present, the main problems in t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the lack of irrigation conditions in heavy saline-alkaline land, the transportation of fertilizers in the soil and the absorption of crops are more difficult than that of irrigated land. The process of topdressing will also cause physical damage to the plastic film, which will increase the evaporation of water and increase the salinity of the soil, resulting in a decrease in the effect of topdressing.

[0003] Cotton is a sparsely planted crop. In North China where there are abundant light and heat resources, cotton monoculture does not make enough use of light, heat, water, and soil resources, which is likely to cause waste of these resources. The occurrence of infectious diseases, etc., the yield of cotton monoculture dropped sharply after 3 years of continuous planting

Due to the limitations of the crops that can be planted on saline-alkali land, there is still a lack of successful experience of intercropping cotton in heavily saline-alkaline land. Therefore, exploring the symbiosis of cotton and other crops in heavily saline-alkaline land is an important way to improve the planting benefits of saline-alkali land suitability

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