Neutron detector based on fission-electron collection principle

A neutron detector and electron collection technology, applied in the field of radiation measurement, can solve the problems of signal formation background, the influence of fission fragments, and the easy falling off of the coating, so as to avoid the instability problem and improve the sensitivity.

Active Publication Date: 2016-12-07
INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Since the adhesion of the coating decreases with the increase of the thickness, the thicker the coating is, the easier it is to fall off. Increasing the thickness of the coating to improve the sensitivity of the detector is limited.
In addition, gamma rays in the mixed field eject electrons from the collecting electrodes, and the resulting signal forms a background that interferes with neutron measurements
[0005] In the prior art, the collecting electrode of the current-t

Method used

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  • Neutron detector based on fission-electron collection principle

Examples

Experimental program
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Example Embodiment

[0024] Example 1

[0025] The housing 1 of this embodiment is cylindrical, with a diameter of 60 cm, and uses 0.4 mm thick magnetically permeable stainless steel. The sensitive electrode 3 is made of uranium-niobium alloy with a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of 0.1 mm. The collecting electrode 2 uses a hollow square copper plate with a side length of 40 cm and a thickness of 0.1 mm; the hollow part is circular with a diameter of 5.5 cm. The steady magnetic field is generated by the permanent magnets of N-level 4 and S-level 5, with an intensity of 10Gs, and the coverage along the direction of the radiation channel and the direction of the vertical radiation channel are both greater than 40cm.

[0026] Electrons will be deflected by the Lorentz force in a magnetic field. The electron energy produced by neutrons is mainly distributed in several hundred eV, and the deflection magnetic field is set for electrons with energy below 1000 eV. For a 10Gs magnetic field, the deflection ...

Example Embodiment

[0027] Example 2

[0028] The implementation of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, the main difference is that the collecting electrode 2 uses a hollow square aluminum plate, and the steady magnetic field is an electromagnetic field.

[0029] The collecting electrode 2 can also be selected from other solid conductive metals that are easy to shape, such as gold, silver, iron, and zinc.

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a neutron detector based on the fission-electron collection principle. The neutron detector comprises a shell, a collecting electrode, a sensitive electrode and an external magnetic field, wherein the sensitive electrode is made from uranium alloy. Neutrons penetrate through the shell through a radiation channel and are emitted into the sensitive electrode, a uranium element in the sensitive electrode generates a fission reaction to form fission fragments, parts of electrons generated by the fission fragments escape from the surface of the sensitive electrode, the motion trails of the electrons deflect under the action of the external magnetic field, and the collecting electrode collects the deflected electrons. According to the neutron detector based on the fission-electron collection principle, the unstable problem of a uranium plating film of the sensitive electrode and bad influences of the fission fragments on measurement can be avoided, neutron signals are separated out of gamma backgrounds, and the neutron detector can be used for neutron measurement in a neutron-gamma mixed radiation field.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of radiation measurement, in particular to a neutron detector based on the principle of fission-electron collection. Background technique [0002] The amperometric detector used for real-time measurement of the number of neutrons will output current for both neutrons and gamma. When neutrons are measured in the neutron-gamma mixed radiation field, the current generated by gamma forms the background, which needs to be reduced or eliminated. influence of the signal. [0003] The journal article Radiation Measurements 73 (2015) 46-50 discloses an amperometric "fission-electron collection" neutron detector comprising a housing, a collecting electrode, a U3O8 coating and a coated electrode. The collecting electrode and the coating electrode are circular aluminum metal sheets, and the U3O8 coating is attached to the coating electrode in the form of coating. The housing is cylindrical to maintain the vacuum environment and...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01T3/00
CPCG01T3/00Y02E30/30
Inventor 王栋张传飞蔡易平席志国司粉妮李波均朱学彬彭星宇胡青元
Owner INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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