High-power diesel engine low-temperature automatic quick one-key starting system and starting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-power diesel engine low-temperature automatic quick one-key starting system and a starting method. The system comprises a one-key starting controller, an engine cylinder heating device, an engine intake preheating device, a fuel heating system and a power supply. The engine cylinder heating device includes an engine fuel boiler preheating system, and thermosensitive resistance heating chips on the surface of an engine cylinder and in the engine cylinder; the engine intake preheating device includes a grid heater and an electric heating plug, and the two synchronously heat air in an intake pipe to fully preheat introduced air. The fuel heating system includes a fuel tank heating device, a filter heating device and an oil sucking pipe heating device, and is used for heating fuel in a fuel tank, a filter, an oil sucking pipe and the engine cylinder; and all the heating devices are provided with self-inspection control circuits for independently perform automatic temperature control and heating for the fuel, so that an engine always keeps an excellent oil supply state.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of starting a diesel internal combustion engine, in particular to a system and method capable of automatically and quickly starting a high-power diesel engine at low temperature. Background technique [0002] Military vehicles are one of the basic ground mobile equipment with a large number of equipment and a wide range of use in our army. They play an extremely important role in our army's combat support and logistics support. In the future informationized battlefield, in order to complete the combat mission of winning local wars under the conditions of informationization, the requirements for the maneuverability, informationization level and support of our military vehicles will become higher and higher. [0003] The battery is an indispensable and important part of military vehicles and the heart of the electrical system of military vehicles. It is a short board in the assembly components that restrict th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] 2) When starting at low temperature, it is very difficult for the vehicle to be successfully started with one drag. The more times of dragging, the smaller the resistance of the engine system, and the more qualified the vehicle is to start. However, the first dragging of a lead-acid battery is the best Strong, the second time is worse, the third time it is actually difficult to drag continuously and effectively

Due to the small capacity of the lead-acid battery at low temperature, it cannot provide enough energy to heat the intake air and engine oil. Therefore, it is necessary to use blowtorch heating, ether injection and other measures to carry out the necessary engine system preheating, or in the engine system. In the warm-up phase, another set of lead-acid batteries is used to provide limited energy, which will cause the vehicle to have a complex structure and cumbersome operation, which will obviously delay the fighter in modern warfare

[0009] As a last resort, current vehicle users have to use heating and heat preservation methods to improve the low-temperature discharge characteristics of military lead-acid batteries. These heating and heat preservation measures usually require additional devices and take a long time to prepare, which affects the emergency operations of military vehicles. mobility and security

[0010] In addition, lead-acid batteries also have the following problems in normal use: poor power retention performance, short-term storage batteries will automatically discharge; short life, in the entire life cycle of military vehicles, several batteries need to be replaced and scrapped; often need maintenance

Due to the influence of the low temperature of the environment, the viscosity of the engine lubricating oil increases, and the friction surfaces are not fully pre-lubricated, thereby increasing the starting resistance of the engine (heavy vehicles with loads at the rear of the engine, such as hydraulic mechanical gearboxes, etc., The starting resistance is further increased), causing the starting speed of the engine to drop significantly compared with normal temperature, the leakage of compressed gas increases, the heat transfer time of the gas to the cylinder wall is longer, and the heat loss is larger, which reduces the temperature and pressure of the air after compression; Viscosity and density both increase, the atomization effect becomes poor, and the air temperature and pressure in the cylinder are insufficient, which makes it difficult to start the diesel engine; the viscosity of the battery electrolyte increases, the penetration ability to the plate decreases, the internal resistance increases, and the battery output at low temperature starts. The power drops, causing the starter to be unable to drag the diesel engine to rotate or cannot reach the lowest starting speed

[0014] At present, the flame intake preheating device for high-power air-cooled diesel engines can only meet the low-temperature cold start requirements of -20°C. Under extremely cold conditions below -20°C or even colder, only the cold start device, it is difficult to start the vehicle smoothly

In order to solve the cold start problem of heavy-duty vehicles with high-power air-cooled diesel engines under extremely cold conditions, additional cold-start auxiliary measures must be installed for the vehicle, such as filling starting fluid, cooling medium heating, lubricating oil heating, low-temperature batteries and battery insulation, etc. Tests have shown that although the above measures can significantly improve the low-temperature start-up effect of high-power diesel engines to a certain extent, they all have the disadvantage of a long start-up preparation time, which cannot meet the needs of rapid start-up of the engine at a low temperature of -41°C, and even individual measures ( Such as filling the starting fluid) will cause greater damage to the engine, and there will be safety hazards at the same time

[0015] In addition, the diesel boiler preheating system for high-power water-cooled diesel engines can only preheat the engine body, but cannot preheat the intake air of the engine. When the ambient temperature (intake air temperature) is below -41°C, the vehicle cannot be successfully started

Moreover, the warm-up at low temperature takes a long time (up to one hour), which cannot meet the requirements of quick start

Images