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Cycloalkylamines as monoamine reuptake inhibitors

a monoamine reuptake inhibitor and cycloalkylamine technology, applied in the field of compounds, can solve the problems of affecting many psychiatric diseases remain untreated or inadequately treated with current pharmaceutical agents, and side effects that can greatly influence the overall outcome of therapy

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-08-30
SEPACOR INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0065] An advantage of the compounds and compositions of the present invention is their ability to increase synaptic availability of at least two neurotransmitters (e.g., NE, 5-HT and DA) by inhibiting their (re)uptake from the synaptic cleft. Skolnick and coworkers report on a body of preclinical evidence suggesting that the therapeutic profile of an antidepressant concurrently increasing the synaptic availability of DA, NE and 5-HT will differ from a compound inhibiting only NE and / or 5-HT. Skolnick, P. et al., “Antidepressant-like actions of DOV-21,947: a “triple” reuptake inhibitor,”Eur. J. Pharm. 2003, 461, 103.

Problems solved by technology

Psychiatric disorders afflict millions of people worldwide resulting in tremendous human suffering and economic burden due to lost productivity and dependent care.
Yet, despite the many advances that have occurred, many psychiatric diseases remain untreated or inadequately treated with current pharmaceutical agents.
This indiscriminate binding can result in side effects that can greatly influence the overall outcome of therapy.
In some cases the side effects are so severe that discontinuation of therapy is required.
Furthermore, a significant number of patients do not respond to current therapies at all.

Method used

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  • Cycloalkylamines as monoamine reuptake inhibitors
  • Cycloalkylamines as monoamine reuptake inhibitors
  • Cycloalkylamines as monoamine reuptake inhibitors

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Synthesis of Cycloalkyl Amines

1.1. Synthesis of Cycloalkyl Nitriles

[0202] The following exemplary cycloalkylcarbonitriles were prepared from the respective aryl nitriles according to General Procedure J:

1-(biphenyl-4-yl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile

[0203] HPLC Rt=11.29 min; GC-MS, SCOUT program 13.85 min, M+261.

1-(thiophen-2-yl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile

[0204] HPLC Rt=10.24 min; GC-MS, SCOUT program 8.42 min, M+191.

1-(naphthalen-1-yl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile

[0205] HPLC Rt=10.82 min; GC-MS 12.6 min, M+235.

1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile

[0206] HPLC Rt=10.76 min; GC-MS 8.59 min, M+269.

1.2. Synthesis of Primary Amines from Cycloalkyl Nitriles

[0207] The primary amines summarized in Table 1, below, were prepared from the corresponding nitriles according to the indicated General Procedures. Enantiomeric mixtures of selected primary amines were separated by chiral chromatography using the indicated chromatographic methods to give the fast moving enantiomer (E1) and t...

example 2

Synthesis of 2-Substituted Cycloalkylamines

2.1. Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-Substituted Cycloalkylamines

[0363] The below described compound of the invention were synthesized from the corresponding bromomethyl analogs according to General Procedures O and P (outlined below).

cis-2-(aminomethyl)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexanol (cis 121)

[0364]

cis 121 E1

cis 121 E2

(a) Preparation of racemic (cis)-2-(azidomethyl)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-cyclohexanol

[0365] General Procedure O: A mixture of (cis)-2-(bromomethyl)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexanol (148 mg, 0.438 mmol) and sodium azide (85 mg, 1.314 mmol), in DMF (2 ml) was stirred at 70° C. for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between water (5 ml) and EtOAc (10 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed with water (2×5 ml), dried over Na2SO4, and evaporated to give (cis)-2-(azidomethyl)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexanol (110 mg, 84%) as a clear oil.

[0366] The enantiome...

example 3

Synthesis of 3-Substituted Cyclohexylamine Analogs

[0583]

3.1. Synthesis of 3-(aminomethyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-cyclohexanol analogs

[0584]

[0585] The synthesis of 3-(aminomethyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexanol is outlined in Scheme 30, below. Reaction of 3-ethoxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one 178 with 3,4-dichlorophenylmagnesium bromide in THF followed by quenching the Grignard mixture with diluted H2SO4 gave 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-cyclonexen-1-one 179. Addition of CN− to the α,β-unsaturated ketone by heating 179 with KCN in the presence of NH4Cl in aqueous DMF afforded the cyano ketone 180 in 30% yield. The ketone was reduced to the alcohol 181 using NaBH4 in ethanol at 0° C. The major product was the cis diastereomer and the minor product was the trans diastereomer. The amine 182 was formed through reduction of the nitrile with BH3.THF at room temperature overnight in 83% yield. Protection of the amino group with Boc-anhydride afforded 183. The diastereomers were then separated using...

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Abstract

The invention relates to novel cyclohexylamine derivatives and their use in the treatment and / or prevention of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and sleep disorder as well as methods for their synthesis. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention, as well as methods of inhibiting reuptake of endogenous monoamines, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft and methods of modulating one or more monoamine transporter.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 756,550 filed Jan. 6, 2006, which application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The invention relates to compounds and compositions for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Psychiatric disorders are pathological conditions of the brain characterized by identifiable symptoms that result in abnormalities in cognition, emotion, mood, or affect. These disorders may vary in severity of symptoms, duration, and functional impairment. Psychiatric disorders afflict millions of people worldwide resulting in tremendous human suffering and economic burden due to lost productivity and dependent care. [0004] Over the past several decades, the use of pharmacological agents to treat psychiatric disorders has greatly increased, large...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61K31/55A61K31/445A61K31/40A61K31/397A61K31/396C07D211/06C07D203/04C07D207/04
CPCC07C211/29C07C211/17C07C215/42C07C215/44C07C217/52C07C217/74C07C323/32C07C2101/02C07C2101/08C07C2101/10C07C2101/14C07C2101/16C07C2102/08C07D207/06C07D207/08C07D211/14C07D265/14C07D277/28C07D295/06C07D307/52C07D317/58C07D317/72C07D319/06C07D333/20C07D491/056C07C211/40C07C2601/02C07C2601/08C07C2601/10C07C2601/14C07C2601/16C07C2602/08C07D211/16A61P11/16A61P13/02A61P15/00A61P15/02A61P15/10A61P15/12A61P21/00A61P21/02A61P25/00A61P25/02A61P25/04A61P25/06A61P25/08A61P25/14A61P25/16A61P25/18A61P25/20A61P25/22A61P25/24A61P25/28A61P29/00A61P3/04A61P43/00A61K31/381A61K31/335
Inventor SHAO, LIMINGWANG, FENGJIANGMALCOLM, SCOTTHEWITT, MICHAELBUSH, LARRYMA, JIANGUOVARNEY, MARKCAMPBELL, UNAENGEL, SHARONHARDY, LARRYKOCH, PATRICKCAMPBELL, JOHN
Owner SEPACOR INC
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