Composite Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Method of Their Use

a technology of photocatalytic hydrogen and nanomaterials, which is applied in the direction of electrolytic organic production, on/in inorganic carriers, instruments, etc., can solve the problems of limited expression, and continuous catalyst cycling requires ongoing addition of reactants

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-12-11
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0012]The present invention is directed to composite materials and methods of producing hydrogen from renewable sources, such as simple feedstocks. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a composite material for photocatalytic H2 production comprising: 1) a polymer gel, 2) a photocatalyst, and 3) a protein based H2 catalyst. The H2 catalyst may be an enzyme such as a hydrogenase enzyme, which can be derived f

Problems solved by technology

Furthermore, continuous cycling of the catalyst requires ongoing addition of reactants and removal of products.
Furthermore, continuous cycling of the catalyst requires ongoing addition of reactants and removal of products.
1999) from these enzymes, the extreme sensitivity of these enzymes to oxygen, limited expression, and difficult isolation have hindered their use as a practical means of hydrogen production.
Attempts to develop methods and systems to produce hydrogen on a commercial scale using the hydrogenase enzyme have been deficient.
Although continuous purging of H2-producing cultures with inert gases has allowed for the sustained production of H2, such purging is expensive and impractical for large-scale mass cultures of algae.

Method used

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  • Composite Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Method of Their Use
  • Composite Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Method of Their Use
  • Composite Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Method of Their Use

Examples

Experimental program
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example 1

Encapsulation of Hydrogenases in Polymer Gel

[0059]This example is focused specifically on the hydrogen production activity of H2ase:sol-gel materials. Hydrogenases are bi-directional enzymes which also catalyze the oxidation of hydrogen. H2ase:sol-gel pellets were assayed for hydrogen oxidation activity by placing the pellets in buffered (pH 8.0) solution under a head pressure of hydrogen. Electron flow was monitored by the reduction of methyl viologen. H2ase:sol-gel pellets with either the NiFe (Lamprobacter modestogalophilus (Lm) and Thiocapsa roseopersicina (Tr)) or Fe-only (Clostridium pasteurianum (CpI)) forms of H2ase retain approximately 60-70% of the hydrogen evolution specific activity observed in solution (Table 1) (Isolation of hydrogenases: (a) L. modestogalophilus: Zadvorny, O. A.; Zorin, N. A.; Gogotov, I. N.; Gorlenko, V. M. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2004, 69, 164-169 (b) T. roseopersicina: Sheiman, M. B.; Orlova, E. V.; Smirnova, E. A.; Hovmoller, S.; Zorin, N. A. J Bacter...

example 2

Synthesis of Pt Nanoparticles Encapsulated within the Hsp Cage

[0065]This example describes the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles encapsulated within the Hsp cage. The self-assembled cage-like architecture of the small heat shock protein (Hsp) from Methanococcus jannaschii has been used to encapsulate metal clusters with a defined spatial arrangement (Flenniken et al. 2003). Hsp assembles from 24 subunits into a 12 nM cage defining a 6.5 nm interior cavity with pores through the cage architecture, by which molecules can shuttle between the inside and outside environment (FIG. 5) (Kim et al. 1998).

[0066]Briefly outlined, purified Hsp was incubated with PtCl42− at 65-C for 15 min. The protein cage was incubated with either 150, 250, or 1000 Pt per protein cage. Subsequent reduction with dimethylamine borane complex ((CH3)2NBH3) resulted in the formation of a brown solution. Characterization of the reaction product by size exclusion chromatography revealed retention volumes identical with u...

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Abstract

The present invention is directed to a composite material for photocatalytic H2 production comprising: 1) a polymer gel; 2) a photocatalyst; and a protein based H2 catalyst. The invention also relates to a method to produce H2, comprising reacting an electron donor with a composite material comprising 1) a polymer gel, 2) a photocatalyst, and 3) a protein based H2 catalyst.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is entitled to priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. provisional patent application No. 60 / 681,174, which was filed on May 16, 2005, which is incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes.STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT[0002]The invention disclosed herein was funded, in part, by the National Science Foundation under grant number MCB-0328341 and the Office of Naval Research under grant number 19-00-R0006.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0003]The present invention relates to composite materials containing hydrogenase enzymes and hydrogen-producing nanoparticles with photocatalysts for hydrogen production from renewable sources.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0004]There is considerable recent interest in the production of hydrogen gas as an alternative source of energy. The practicality of the increased use of hydrogen fuel cell technologies is dependent on the ability to produce stores of h...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25B1/02
CPCC12N9/0067C12N11/14C12P3/00
InventorPETERS, JOHN W.YOUNG, MARK J.DOUGLAS, TREVORELGREN, TIMOTHY E.
OwnerMONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY