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Improved Evaporative Condenser

a technology of evaporative condensers and evaporative water, which is applied in the direction of steam/vapor condensers, trickle coolers, stationary conduit assemblies, etc., can solve the problems of limited heat exchange efficiency, limited air velocity, and still a significant risk of bacteria (such as i>legionella/i>) passing through non-eliminated free water through the drift eliminator, so as to reduce the plan area

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-06-01
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent is about a system that helps reduce fouling on heat exchanger tubes. It does this by using a device called a divergent zone, which slows down the air leaving the condensing coil zone. This helps to increase the velocity of the air passing over the coils, which in turn reduces the feeling of fouling. This also results in a smaller size of the heat exchanger compared to the size of the drift eliminators.

Problems solved by technology

In existing evaporative condensers, heat exchange efficiency is limited by the velocity of air that flows over the condensing coils.
The velocity of air is in turn limited by the ability of the drift eliminators to remove free water from the air passing therethrough.
For example, in many existing evaporative condensers, it is known to specify a maximum air velocity through the drift eliminators as high as 3.5 to 4 m / s to ensure sufficient water removal, however, it is surmised that, with such a high maximum air velocity, there is still a significant risk of bacteria (such as legionella) passing with non-eliminated free water through the drift eliminators.
However, this will in turn set a limit to the velocity of air that can flow over the condensing coils.

Method used

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  • Improved Evaporative Condenser

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

esign Model

[0076]A design model for the application to subcritical CO2 condensing of evaporative condensers, such as those depicted in FIGS. 1 to 3, was developed. More specifically, the benefits of applying evaporative condensing techniques for the condensation of subcritical CO2 were examined. Such benefits included lower design pressures compared to trans-critical operations, lower energy consumption, and lower running and operating costs. It was noted that hot gas defrosting could also become a standard feature of subcritical CO2 refrigeration plant operations.

[0077]Firstly, however, it was noted that ammonia can be condensed at 30° C. in an evaporative condenser with an entering air wet bulb temperature of 24° C. In the developed design model it was shown that an evaporative condenser for subcritical CO2 condensing at 30° C. (i.e. 1.1 K below the critical point) was able to be designed for a wet bulb of 24° C.

[0078]Secondly, it was noted that average climate conditions in much ...

example 2

del Outputs

[0134]The following data points were produced by the design model to illustrate condenser capacity variation with the superficial air velocity:

[0135]Whilst a number of condenser and process embodiments and models have been described, it should be appreciated that the condenser and process may be embodied in many other forms.

[0136]For example, the plenum 13 could be of circular section, whereby the divergent plenum 40 comprises a conical frustum, or a square to circular frustum-like prism. However, such a configuration is less favoured, as it does not promote free drainage of water within the condenser.

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Abstract

An evaporative condenser for use in a refrigeration or air-conditioning system includes one or more condensing coils arranged in a condensing coil zone. The coils condense therewithin a refrigerant of the system. The condenser also includes a mechanism for wetting the one or more condensing coils. The condenser further includes drift eliminators arranged to remove free water from an airstream A that has flowed past the one or more condensing coils and wetting mechanism. The condenser additionally includes a divergent zone that diverges from the condensing coil zone towards the drift eliminators such that, once the airstream has flowed past the one or more condensing coils, it flows into and through the divergent zone to the drift eliminators.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]An improved evaporative condenser and evaporative condensation process are disclosed for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The condenser and process can be employed with both chemical refrigerants (e.g. hydrofluorocarbons) and natural refrigerants (e.g. hydrocarbons (such as propane & isobutane), CO2, ammonia, etc).BACKGROUND ART[0002]Existing evaporative condensers are used to reject heat in a variety of refrigeration and air-conditioning systems through the condensing of a refrigerant. More specifically, evaporative condensers comprise one or more wetted (e.g. sprayed) condensing coils for condensing the refrigerant by the passage thereover of an airstream, and into which a portion of the water is evaporated, thereby removing heat from the refrigerant in the condensing coils and causing the refrigerant to condense therein. Evaporative condensers also comprise drift eliminators (or, more simply, eliminators, “drift” being water that would other...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F25B39/00F28C1/14
CPCF25B39/00F28C1/14F25B2339/046F25B2339/041F25B39/04F28B1/02F28C1/16F28D3/02F28D7/082Y02B30/70F25B2339/047F28F25/02F28F2025/005
Inventor VISSER, KLAAS