The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring gas pulse discharge parameters, and the method and device are used for realizing accurate measurement of the gas pulse discharge parametersunder an atmospheric pressure condition. According to the invention, the method comprises the steps: adopting a gas pulse discharge parameter measuring device to respectively obtain a pulse voltage and a loop current of gas to be measured in a non-breakdown state and a breakdown state; establishing a numerical simulation model according to the particle control equation and the electric field control equation; according to the numerical simulation model and a preset equation set, adjusting and optimizing the stray capacitance parameter value of the numerical simulation model through the non-breakdown experiment data; according to the optimized numerical simulation model, obtaining the simulated loop current, and then determining gas discharge parameters such as a soup ionization coefficient, an electron adhesion coefficient, a secondary electron emission coefficient, a photoionization coefficient and the like which enable the breakdown experiment data and the breakdown simulation data to take minimum values by adopting a direction acceleration optimization method, and calculating the standard deviation between the breakdown experiment data and the breakdown simulation data.