A method for selecting
camelid nanobodies from an array
library collected from B cells of a
camelid animal immunized with an
antigen is provided. The method comprises (a) (i)
phenylalanine (F) at position 42 (IMGT number), and (ii)a short hinge, and (iii)two or more cysteines in the nanobody sequence, and (iv)
glutamine (Q) at position 123 (IMGT number), and (v)a low
immunogenicity index, and (vi)a non-conventional VHH derived from
germline IGHV3, or
valine (V) included at position 42 (IMGT number), and (vii)a non-conventional VHH derived from
germline IGHV4, or
isoleucine (I) included at position 42 (IMGT number), and (viii)
histidine (H),
aspartic acid (D), or
glutamic acid (E) in the CDR region, and (ix)
histidine (H),
aspartic acid (D), or
glutamic acid (E) in the top 3
amino acid residues of the nanobody sequence, the FR2 region, or the top 16
amino acid residues of the FR3 region, and (x)
tyrosine (Y) at position 42 (IMGT number), and a nanobody having a cyclic concave
paratope structure arrangement, or (xi)
phenylalanine (F) at position 42 (IMGT number), and a nanobody having a convex
paratope structure arrangement, identifying a
camelid nanobody having at least one of the features, and (b)measuring one or more biological activities of the nanobody identified in step (a).