The invention provides a method of adjusting a satellite relay data transmission communication rate in a self-adaptive manner, and aims to provide a transmission method which is low in time delay andreliable in transmission, and can efficiently improve data transmission throughput. The method is realized through the following technical solution: in an aircraft flight process, calculating of a pointing angle alpha of a phase control array antenna and an antenna pointing angle beta in real time by a relay terminal wave beam pointing calculation module, sending the same into a data finding module, using the pointing angle alpha of the phase control array antenna and the antenna pointing angle beta as a finding address to find and obtain actual effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of thephase control array antenna in real time from a memory of a relay terminal by the data finding module, sending the actual EIRP of the antenna into a threshold comparison criterion module, completingjudgment on the actual EIRP of the phase control array antenna and link status according to the antenna pointing angle alpha and the antenna pointing angle beta, and then completing self-adaptive adjustment of the communication rate according to the link status.