A peach shape for high-density planting and tree body controlling means

Abstract

The invention discloses a peach tree shape applicable for high-density planting. The peach tree shape of the invention is Y-shaped, and consists of a trunk and two large branch groups. Two large fruit branch groups can be produced on the upside of the trunk, and are arrayed oppositely in a line, and respectively extend into the two side rows; the extension direction is perpendicular to the row direction, as well as has a 45-55 degrees angle with the vertical direction. Fruit branches and small sized fruit branch groups are produced on the large fruit branch groups. The peach tree shape of the invention is applicable for high density planting, the structure of the tree is simple, the pruning is simple, the forming is quick, and the cost is low. The method of the invention is easy to be learned, the operation is simple. Standard management can be conducted for the invention to ensure that the peach orchard realize early rich and high-quality yield, high yield and stable yield.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a peach tree shape suitable for high-density cultivation and a tree body control method thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, the tree shape and pruning techniques for high-density cultivation of peach trees mainly include the mechanized grassland peach orchard tree shape and pruning method and the intensive grassland peach orchard tree shape and pruning method invented by Israeli peach tree expert Erez.A. [0003] Mechanized grassland peach orchard trees and pruning methods: After the seedlings are planted, cut off the stems at 5 to 10 cm above the ground, and leave an upright shoot for each plant after the shoots are taken out to allow them to grow naturally to form a crown; , Remove the entire tree crown from about 10cm above the ground, and then select one of the new shoots from the remaining stumps to grow and form a new tree crown for the next year's resul...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The tree shape and pruning methods of mechanized grassland peach orchards have the following fatal flaws: ① It is necessary to develop peach tree harvesting and orchard operation machinery matching this technology; 2 ), resulting in high cost of orchard construction, making it difficult to manage orchards, such as flower and fruit management, pest control, etc.; ③ poor adaptability to climate, only suitable for subtropical regions with short winters and no severe cold; ④ poor adaptability to varieties, only Suitable for very early maturing and precocious varieties; ⑤ Poor adaptability to seedlings, ordinary grafted seedlings cannot be used, but cutting seedlings of cultivated varieties must be used; ⑥ Significantly reduces the production potential of the tree body; ⑦ It is easy to cause dead trees, and it is difficult to achieve high and stable yields year after year ; ⑧The fruit quality was significantly lower than that of traditional peach orchards

[0006] Compared with the mechanized grassland peach orchard tree shape and pruning method, the intensive grassland peach orchard tree shape and pruning method solves the problems of seedling adaptability, variety adaptability, dead trees and orchard operation machinery research and development, and improves climate adaptability and orchard operation convenience. However, there are still three major problems: the first is to sacrifice more than 50% of the tree body production potential and production benefits; the second is to cultivate the half crown of the next year's results, and it is necessary to carry out a large number of frequent summer treatments on the half crown of the results. Pruning; the third is to still use secondary branches to bear fruit, resulting in poor cold resistance of fruiting branches and flower buds, and freezing damage to tree bodies and flower buds is prone to occur in areas or years with low winter temperatures

[0008] Late results and long production cycle lead to slow production of fruit trees, difficulty in updating varieties, and low ability to resist market risks, which are important problems in fruit tree production

The traditional thin-planting cultivation and pruning techniques are complicated, and the yield is high in 9-10 years. Generally, the dense planting is 6-7 years high-yielding, and the high-density planting garden is high-yielding 4-5 years; ultra-high-density cultivation (grassland peach orchard) can achieve high yield in the second year after the garden is established.

However, the problem of tree body control in densely planted peach orchards has not been well resolved, and there are many serious defects in the grassland peach orchard technology. Important problems that must be solved in high-quality, high-yield and stable-yield cultivation

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