Method for distilling a hydrocarbon material and a plant for carrying out the method

Abstract

The inventive method for distilling a hydrocarbon material is carried out on several dividing stages in cyclone evaporators with a heated cylindrical vertical wall. The inventive method consists in supplying the raw material heated to the initial boiling point of a first high-boiling fraction to the first stage evaporator, in removing a liquid phase therefrom in the form of a marketable product, in cooling a withdrawn vapour fraction to the lower boiling point of a subsequent phase, in directing said fraction for separation to a next evaporator and in obtaining therein a gasoline in the form of a vapour fraction and a distillation residue. The inventive plant for carrying out said method comprises in series connected by pipelines heat exchangers , a raw material heating stove and equipment for one or several distillation stages each of which comprises an evaporator, a cooler, heat exchangers and intermediate collecting containers for target products. Each evaporator is embodied in the form of a heat-insulated cyclone evaporator provided with a heated vertical cylindric wall. The cooler of each stage is embodied in the form of an air-and-water heater.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the processing of petroleum on small tonnage component installations (small petroleum processing plants (HΠ3) to obtain engine fuel and boiler fuel (gasoline, diesel, heavy oil). Background technique [0002] The structural forms of the contemporary large tonnage hydrocarbon raw material distillation method equipment include: pumps, heat exchangers, tube furnaces, and rectification columns. In principle, the process scheme of a small tonnage initial distillation plant is the same as that of a similar large tonnage plant, and the form of construction of the distillation process plant is characterized by high metal consumption and requires a large capital investment. [0003] Considering the high cost and complexity of operation of small-tonnage devices manufactured according to large-tonnage and small petrochemical plant lines, the non-traditional process scheme for hydrocarbon raw material distillation has been research...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The disadvantage of the known method is that the use of centrifugal force in the phase separator is only used to enhance the separation of the vapor and liquid phases, but, in this case, instead of making the liquid The phase is distilled out three times, and the fuel fraction is clearly separated, but what happens is that the light fraction is infiltrated by the heavy fraction vapor three times, at which point the liquid (heavy fraction) will intensify the light fraction

[0012] The disadvantage of this device is that in the device it is not possible to clearly divide the components into fractions, which means that it is impossible to obtain qualified motor fuels (gasoline and diesel)

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