Tunnel roof two-dimensional seismic exploration method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel roof two-dimensional seismic exploration method and a tunnel roof two-dimensional seismic exploration system. The method comprises the following steps of: seismic data acquisition: arranging multi-coverage observation systems on a tunnel roof and the sides, and acquiring seismic data of the multi-coverage observation systems; sending a seismic wave signal from a seismic focus, and receiving the seismic wave signal by the multi-coverage observation systems; seismic data processing: receiving the seismic wave signal by the multi-coverage observation systems, performing tunnel correction processing, data pre-processing, migration stack processing and time frequency analysis processing, and thus obtaining an effective tunnel roof rock coal seam seismic profile and a frequency spectrum profile; acquiring an effective two-dimensional seismic profile of the tunnel roof in a range of 15 m to 50 m; and geologic structure analysis and explanation: analyzing and explaining the tunnel roof upper coal seam occurrence and geologic structure conditions. By adoption of the tunnel roof two-dimensional seismic exploration method provided by the invention, judgment capacity on a small structure can be improved, accurate and reliable geological data are provided for coal mining operation, and the safety of mining operation is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to geophysical prospecting technology, in particular to a two-dimensional seismic prospecting method for the roadway roof. In addition, the present invention also relates to a two-dimensional seismic survey system for the roadway roof applied in the above method. Background technique [0002] At present, in the mining process of coal seams, especially in the mining process of protruding coal seams, the working face usually adopts the layout of "one side and four lanes", that is, one working face, four roadways, and the upper trough of the working face (return air lane ) and the lower trough (transportation lane) before the construction, the roof high pumping lane will be constructed at the position of the upper part of the working face with a vertical height of about 20 meters, and the floor bottom pumping lane will be constructed at the position of the lower part of the working face with a vertical height of about 20 meters. The...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, when the seismic wave propagates in the underground medium, part of the energy of the seismic wave is absorbed and dissipated, and the high-frequency component of the seismic wave attenuates with the increase of the propagation distance. Therefore, the seismic wave data collected by the surface two-dimensional seismic exploration method , the amount of data is small and the conditions of seismic wave propagation are very complex, and the finally obtained data has low ability to judge small structures and cannot effectively guide coal seam mining operations

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