Selection and breeding method for early rice variety

Abstract

A selection and breeding method for an early rice variety comprises selection and breeding steps of enabling a male parent and a female parent to be xiesi 115 and guangershi respectively, planting the male parent and the female parent in a parent resource area together, performing corresponding-period partition seeding, performing transplantation and management, first performing glume shearing on the female parent during glume shearing pollination, taking out flower sticks, enabling paper bags to be sleeved on the flower sticks, then shearing the male parent from plant spica above three flag leaves of the male parent, performing insertion beside the female parent after glume shearing, placing male parent spica in the paper bags during pollination to scatter anther to perform pollination, and fixing the paper bags; and after harvesting F1 seeds, placing the F1 seeds in the original paper bags, and performing drying and storage. Two crops can be planted each year to perform additive breeding, and then offspring selection and breeding are performed. Yielding abilities and stress resistance of the male parent and the female parent and a merit and demerit complementation method of rice quality are utilized to perform matching hybridization. The selection and breeding method has the advantages that a plant type is compact, leaves are short and vertical, stems are flexible, early rice variety is resistant to fertilizer, lodging and rice blast, rice quality is good, the taste is good, and the early rice variety is popularized to be planted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rice variety breeding method, in particular to a breeding method for an early rice variety "Guangxie No. 1". technical background [0002] In the 1960s, the popularized dwarf rice varieties generally had problems such as weak disease resistance, poor rice quality, and limited yield potential; Proposed, and through the pedigree analysis of dwarf varieties bred in the previous stage, it is believed that the genetic relationship is still relatively narrow and it is difficult to make new breakthroughs, so that the scope of use of breeding parents is gradually expanded. After entering the 1980s, focusing on the comprehensive breeding goal of "high yield, multiple resistance, and high quality", conventional rice and hybrid rice breeding were carried out. Breeders adopted appropriate breeding methods for genes that are beneficial to rice parental resources, and made remarkable progress. [0003] my country's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) The increase in rice yield per unit area is slow, the growth period of high-yield varieties introduced from other provinces is relatively long, and the high-yield capacity has not been fully utilized

[0005] (2) Although many achievements have been made in high-quality breeding of hybrid rice, in the past 10 years, the update speed in production has been slow, and the quality improvement has not been ideal. The variety combinations with large planting areas are basically bred 10 years ago. Combination is less used in production

The type and quality of high-quality rice varieties are not applied in production, the promotion area is not large enough, and the quality of the bred varieties is single

[0006] (3) The progress of resistance to diseases and insect pests is slow; the most serious diseases in southern rice areas in my country include rice blast, bacterial blight, rice planthopper and southern black-streaked dwarf disease, etc. Guangxi is a southern rice area. The losses caused by the two diseases of rice planthopper and rice planthopper accounted for about 30% of the rice production