Slope water-soil loss experiment device and method under combined extreme meteorological conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to a slope water-soil loss experiment device and method under combined extreme meteorological conditions. The experiment device comprises an experiment table, a combined extreme environment simulation unit and a control system unit, wherein the experiment table comprises a bottom base, a slope base plate, a downstream baffle plate, soil block standard elements and an experiment table regulating device; the combined extreme environment simulation unit comprises a rainfall simulation device, an air field simulation device, a freezing rain simulation device, a snowfall simulation device, a sunlight simulation device, an air temperature simulation device and an overland flow simulation device; the control system unit comprises a power supply system, a water supply system and a signal acquisition and processing system. According to the invention, the slope water-soil loss experiment device and method under combined extreme meteorological conditions perform indoor simulation and measurement of a slope water body loss situation under a single or combined extreme meteorological conditions of rain storm, rain and snow, freezing rain, flood, drought, high temperature and the like, can achieve accurate and reliable results, and can be widely applied to water-soil loss monitoring, principle analysis and governance under complex variable meteorological conditions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss measurement, in particular to an experimental device and method for soil and water loss on a slope under combined extreme meteorological conditions. Background technique [0002] Under the action of rainfall, runoff, scouring, wind and other external forces, surface soil will undergo erosion, movement, accumulation and loss and other damage phenomena. Among them, soil erosion refers to the erosion and damage of soil under the action of water flow. The problem of soil and water loss not only occurs in the land water cycle process, but also affects the water cycle process, so it is a hot issue in the field of hydrology and water resources research. At present, more than 30% of the land in the world is threatened by soil erosion, and 25 billion tons of high-quality soil are lost every year. my country is one of the countries with serious water and soil erosion in the world. About 3.6 mil...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The patent application number is 2009100612007, and the Chinese invention patent titled "Mobile Soil Erosion Laboratory" discloses a mobile laboratory for soil erosion simulation and monitoring. It uses its own power supply and water source to manually control the variable slope experimental tank. Water and soil loss experiment after rainfall; however, there are two obvious problems in the existing indoor soil and water loss experimental devices: cannot simulate soil and water loss under complex meteorological conditions, and cannot simulate soil and water loss on complex terrain (slope)

Existing soil erosion model experiment methods and technologies can only observe the overall change of soil erosion on a single, smooth slope under idealized rainfall conditions, and cannot simulate the actual conditions of complex slopes (such as mountainous areas, water-fluctuation zones, etc.) in complex environments. Soil erosion

Due to the above defects, there are often large errors between the data collected by conventional experimental methods and the actual situation. The collected spatial information of soil and water loss will obviously deviate from the actual situation, making it difficult to obtain the dynamic law of soil and water loss

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