Method for breeding and cultivating early ripening disease-resistant stem broccoli

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant breeding and cultivating method and in particular relates to a stem broccoli breeding and cultivating method, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: performing artificial emasculation to prepare hybrid first generation seeds F1 during flowering phase by utilizing a broccoli breeding material and a cabbage mustard breeding material, and performing selfing on a selected individual plant with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits to obtain F2; screening excellent individual plants, performing microspore culture on flower buds suitable for microspore culture from the late uninucleate stage to early dikaryophase stage, creating lots of normal regeneration plants, screening excellent DH plants for performing selfing, obtaining lots of DH strains with stable botanical traits, high combining ability and large pollen quantity, hybridizing one DH strain serving as a recurrent parent with a cytoplasmic male-sterile source material, breeding to obtain a cytoplasmic male-sterile line CMS091 with excellent comprehensive characters through five-generation backcross transformation, performing trial hybridized combination on the DH strain serving as a male parent and the cytoplasmic male-sterile line CMS091, and obtaining the early ripening disease-resistant stem broccoli.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding and cultivating plants, in particular to a method for breeding and cultivating broccoli for stems, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Background technique [0002] Broccoli for stems is more and more popular because of its compact plant type, short growth period, green color, long flower stem, loose flower balls, strong germination ability of side branches, good taste, suitable for dense planting, and strong resistance to stress and disease. The more popular it is with growers and consumers. Broccoli for stems is mainly eaten with fat and tender flower buds and flower stems. The flower buds and flower stems are green and beautiful, the meat is crisp and tender, the flavor is sweet and nutritious, rich in vitamins A, B, C, E, protein, anthocyanins, Minerals and other nutrients. It combines the advantages of broccoli, while removing the disadvantages of firm broccoli. It is sweeter a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the use of self-incompatible lines for seed production requires a lot of manpower and time for parental breeding (through artificial pollination at the bud stage), which is very costly, and the promotion area is limited by the number of seeds produced.

What is more unfavorable is that the long-term continuous self-trading of the parents will cause the vitality to degenerate, so that some excellent characters will be lost, and the hybridization rate of hybrids is difficult to reach 100%.

The use of dominant nuclear male sterile lines for seed production is cumbersome, complicated and difficult to popularize

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