The invention discloses a method and a device for route optimization of logistics delivery vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of logistics. The method comprises the following steps of: initializing a congestion matrix alpha and a distance matrix D, generating a delivery route weight matrix omega=alpha D, and initializing a population module N<ZQ>; selecting a population size N<X>, a maximum number of generations N<G>, a crossing-over rate beta, a mutation rate gamma and a number of generations n=0, generating an initial route r1 through a greedy algorithm, and performing mutation operation on the initial route r1 to generate N<ZQ>-1 new routes; calculating fitness A<n> of each route of a first generation population formed by the initial route and the new routes, selecting N<X> routes with the highest fitness from the current population by adopting selection operators, and performing crossover and mutation operations on the N<X> routes to generate a population of next generation; updating n=n+1, when n=N<G>, calculating the fitness A<n> of all the routes in the latest population, and selecting the delivery route with the highest fitness in the current population as the optimal route. According to the invention, when the logistics delivery vehicle delivers goods, the delivery time can be as less as possible, and the delivery route can be as short as possible.