Culture substrate for quick cultivation of banana heeled-in seedlings and preparing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture substrate for quick cultivation of banana heeled-in seedlings and a preparing method thereof. The culture substrate is made by mixing mixed substrate, high-potassium coated controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining cross-linking agent according to a mass ratio of 1:(0.003 to 0.008):(0.003-0.005); the mixed substrate is made by mixing peat, salt-free coconut chaff and garden substrate organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 1:(2 to 4):(0.5 to 2). During cultivation of secondary banana seedlings with the culture substrate, tissue culture balance seedlings are directly transplanted to the culture substrate with no need for sand culture. The culture substrate has the evident action of promoting height and thickness of pesudostems, number of leaves, biomass live-weight and development of roots during heeling-in phase of the banana seedlings; conventional nursery seedlings cultivated are available for sell 20 to 30 days early.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of banana false seedlings and production of special fertilizers. More specifically, it relates to a cultivation substrate for quickly cultivating banana pseudo-plants and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Banana is an important economic crop in the subtropical zone, with a planting area of ​​about 300,000 hm 2 , up to 200 million banana tissue culture seedlings are needed every year. Before the banana tissue culture seedlings are applied to the field cultivation, they must undergo false planting and early matching, which is called the cultivation of secondary seedlings or secondary seedling cultivation or false planting cultivation. The cultivation technology of secondary seedling cultivation is very important, especially in In the current situation of the raging and flooding of banana Panama wilt, it has been found that the backward cultivation technology of banan...

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Problems solved by technology

The nutrient soil prepared in this way is likely to cause many problems: First, the soil collected nearby will inevitably carry pathogenic bacteria and nematodes (Panamaniasis is a soil-borne fungus), and the soil and substrate are not generally disinfected, so this substrate is not only unsafe , and often leads to the process of cultivating secondary seedlings as a process of banana Panama disease infection and transmission; secondly, the nutrient-soil nutrient distribution ratio is unreasonable, and the substrate composition ratio is unreasonable, which is manifested in that the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is not suitable for bananas. The growth of seedlings is either rich in nitrogen or lacking in nitrogen. The substrate is either heavy or sandy, has poor permeability or does not retain water and fertilizer, and the water, fertilizer, air and heat are not coordinated. The survival rate is low, with an average of only about 70%.

The 3rd, can bring two obvious problems again when the secondary seedling that is based on soil is transplanted out of the nursery, one is that the weight of each bag of seedling plus substrate can reach about 1 kilogram, so the transplanting process just needs a large amount of labor and strong This is extremely disproportionate to the shortage of surplus labor in today's rural areas. In production practice, banana seedlings are required to be healthy, cup seedlings and light; secondly, the soil matrix seedlings do not cause root damage during transplanting and bag removal, so banana transplanting After planting, it generally takes 15-30 days to slow down the seedlings in the field according to the transplanting period, which obviously delays the time to market of bananas and reduces the economic benefits of bananas.

However, most of them use vermiculite, or perlite or bentonite as water-retaining materials. The former two are easy to cause the plant root system to penetrate into its structural pores and break, especially during transplanting. The latter is easy to cause the permeability of the substrate to decrease. Most of the substrates and their seedlings use ordinary water-soluble fertilizers. If the fertilizer is not well controlled, it will easily cause the fertilizer to burn the seedlings. If a small amount of fertilization is used many times, it will require a lot of labor

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