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Method for preparing chitin oligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides

A technology of chitooligosaccharide and chitin, which is applied in the preparation of chitooligosaccharide and chitin oligosaccharide, and the field of chitin oligosaccharide, can solve the problem of inability to control the molecular weight of degradation products, and achieves easy control of the reaction process, The effect of high yield and easily controllable performance

Active Publication Date: 2017-02-22
INST OF METAL RESEARCH - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Abstract
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Under heterogeneous reaction conditions, chitin will be completely degraded into acetylglucosamine or glucosamine by strong acid and heating, and the molecular weight of the degradation products cannot be controlled

Method used

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  • Method for preparing chitin oligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of chitin oligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitooligosaccharides of the present invention may further comprise the steps:

[0031] (1) Use a pulverizer to pulverize the flake chitin to an appropriate particle size, generally about (80-200 mesh).

[0032] (2) Chitin particles are dispersed in 5 times to 50 times of solvent, and under strong stirring, chitin fully swells or dissolves in the solvent.

[0033](3) The reactant is kept at 0° C. to 100° C. for 1 to 10 hours, the chitin begins to degrade, and the molecular weight gradually decreases to obtain chitin oligosaccharides. Chitin oligosaccharides with different molecular weights can be obtained by controlling the reaction time.

[0034] (4) Remove the reaction liquid solvent and purify the chitin oligosaccharide obtained by the reaction by evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure in a vacuum, alcohol precipitation, column chromatography, membrane separ...

Embodiment 1

[0039] At 10°C, 10 g of chitin was slowly added into 200 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (36 wt%). After stirring for 6 hours, the chitin was completely dissolved. Raise the reaction temperature to 30° C., stir for 1 hour, and then slowly add NaOH solid powder to the reaction solution to neutralize the reaction solution. 1000 mL of ethanol was added to the reaction solution for alcohol precipitation, and the precipitated solid precipitate was filtered, washed with ethanol, and air-dried to obtain 8 g of chitin oligosaccharides.

[0040] 8 grams of chitooligosaccharides were added to 160 grams of 50 wt% NaOH solution. The reaction temperature was kept at 90°C for 6 hours. After the reaction was finished, 800 mL of ethanol was added for alcohol precipitation. The precipitated solid precipitate was filtered, washed with ethanol, and freeze-dried to obtain 6 g of white chitooligosaccharide powder. The molecular weight of chitooligosaccharide is 11000, and the degree of de...

Embodiment 2

[0042] At 10°C, 10 g of chitin was slowly added into 200 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (36 wt%). After stirring for 6 hours, the chitin was completely dissolved. Raise the reaction temperature to 30° C., stir for 1.5 hours, and then slowly add NaOH solid powder to the reaction solution to neutralize the reaction solution. 1000 mL of ethanol was added to the reaction solution for alcohol precipitation, and the precipitated solid precipitate was filtered, washed with ethanol, and air-dried to obtain 7.5 g of chitin oligosaccharides.

[0043] 7.5 grams of chitin oligosaccharides were added to 160 grams of 50 wt% NaOH solution. The reaction temperature was kept at 90°C for 6 hours. After the reaction was finished, 800 mL of ethanol was added for alcohol precipitation. The precipitated solid precipitate was filtered, washed with ethanol, and freeze-dried to obtain 5.8 g of white chitooligosaccharide powder. The molecular weight of chitooligosaccharide is 5000, and the de...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemical industry and particularly relates to a method for preparing chitin oligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides, of which the molecular weight is 50,000 or below. The method comprises the steps of firstly, dissolving chitin in a certain solvent, carrying out homogeneous degradation under acid catalysis so as to obtain the chitin oligosaccharides with certain molecular weight, and subjecting the chitin oligosaccharides to deacetylating treatment by a strong base, thereby preparing the chitooligosaccharides and the chitosan oligosaccharides. After the chitin oligosaccharides are subjected to deacetylating treatment by the strong base, the chitooligosaccharides or the chitosan oligosaccharides with the degree of deacetylation of 50% to 98% is obtained. Glycosidic bonds among acetylglucosamine are more easily degraded under the condition of acid catalysis, so that a chitin degradation reaction can be carried out under mild conditions, the yield is high, and the control on molecular weight is effectively achieved. According to the chitin oligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides prepared by the method, the molecular weight can be continuously adjustable in the range of 1,000 to tens of thousands, the distribution of the molecular weight is relatively narrow, the product quality is high, and the production cost is reduced remarkably.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemicals, and in particular relates to a preparation method of chitooligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and chitooligosaccharides with a molecular weight of less than 50,000. Background technique [0002] As the second largest renewable resource next to cellulose, chitin widely exists in the shells of marine crustaceans, the inner skeletons of molluscs, insect wings, fungi and algae cell walls. It has huge reserves and has not been effectively exploited. Chitosan is the product of deacetylation of chitin. It is the only positively charged basic amino polysaccharide that exists in large quantities. It has good biocompatibility and has many special physical, chemical and physiological activities. The Sixth Element of Life". However, because chitosan is a high molecular compound, its relative molecular weight is usually hundreds of thousands to millions, and its molecular structure is tight. It ca...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08B37/08
Inventor 张劲松赵岩张文昌刘志宇
Owner INST OF METAL RESEARCH - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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