Multi-stage expansion section electrode nozzle of high-power thermal plasma torch

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage expansion section electrode nozzle of a high-power thermal plasma torch. The nozzle includes a front electrode nozzle, a back electrode and an annular insulator,wherein the front electrode nozzle has a through hole in the axial direction, the through hole includes a nozzle straight section, multiple stages of expansion sections and a nozzle outlet straight section, expansion ratios of the multiple stages of expansion sections are increased step by step, an end portion of one end of the multiple stages of expansion sections with the small expansion ratio is equal to one end of the nozzle straight section in diameter, an end portion of one end of the multiple stages of expansion sections with the large expansion ratio is equal to one end of the nozzle outlet straight section in diameter, one end of the rear electrode is provided with a blind hole disposed in the axial direction, one end of the front electrode nozzle and one end of the rear electrodeare insulatedly connected by the annular insulator, and a swirling inlet is formed in the annular insulator. The nozzle is advantaged in that the effective area of arc ablation is improved, the electrode life is improved, the plasma jet specific enthalphy and the jet mean temperature are significantly improved, and the waste treatment effect is greatly enhanced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrode nozzle, in particular to a multi-stage expansion-section electrode nozzle of a high-power thermal plasma torch. Background technique [0002] With the application and development of plasma torch technology, plasma technology has been widely used in practical applications, including spraying, cutting, waste treatment and other industries. In particular, the hazardous waste treatment industry puts forward new requirements for plasma torches: high power (above 300kW), long life, high thermal efficiency, and high stability. The structure of the existing hollow electrode arc plasma torch nozzle generally adopts a straight cylindrical structure or has a stepped straight cylindrical structure. Electrode life is mainly improved by cyclone and magnetic cyclone. Because the magnetic coil is bulky and bulky, it increases the complexity of the structure of the plasma torch, which greatly limits its large-scale industrial app...

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