Palladium-platinum system for use as hydrogen storage material and/or electrocatalyst, preferably in fuel-cells
a technology of palladiumplatinum and hydrogen storage material, which is applied in the direction of metal/metal-oxide/metal-hydroxide catalyst, cell component, physical/chemical process catalyst, etc. it can solve the problems of unsuitability of hydrogen-fed fuel cells, affecting the use of hydrogen as simple, clean and efficient fuel, and affecting the stability of materials, so as to facilitate the control of the thickness of the deposited layer
Inactive Publication Date: 2018-06-14
UNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI
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Benefits of technology
The present invention is about a new system that combines the fast adsorption kinetics of platinum with the absorption capabilities of palladium. This system can be deposited on various substrates using an electrochemical method, which allows for control of the layer thickness. The resulting film is stable, efficient, and retains its applicability for a long time. This system has been found to have high selectivity and can be used in various applications. Overall, this invention provides a cheap and effective solution for improving hydrogen absorption and desorption processes.
Problems solved by technology
While the fuel cells are more and more frequently accepted as sources of electric energy, there are still numerous technical obstacles, which hinder their everyday use in many practical applications.
One of such obstacles is that in fuel cells hydrogen is commonly employed as fuel, whereas oxygen is used as an oxidant.
However, hydrogen as simple, clean and efficient fuel is also extremely flammable.
Therefore for practical applications voluminous high-pressure vessels are still necessary for storage and transport of hydrogen that in fact make hydrogen-fed fuel cells unsuitable for use.
However, all presently known hydrogen storage materials, including palladium, suffer from slow hydrogen absorption / desorption kinetics.
However, platinum is a rare and expensive material.
The catalyst does not, however, find utility in other reactions commonly catalysed by palladium, and the process for the preparation thereof is time-consuming and expensive.
However, while use of such catalysts lowers the electrode reaction potential, it provides neither long life of the electrode nor high cell efficiency.
However, the electrocatalyst obtained by this method does not exhibit sufficient activity due to incomplete homogeneity.
Moreover, it is prone to diffusion limitations, which is highly undesirable.
However, none of the above systems exhibited simultaneously all of desired properties nor has been studied with regard to hydrogen absorption.
Moreover, none of the known systems has been shown to exhibit all the desired properties and can serve simultaneously as hydrogen storage material and electrocatalyst that also might find application as a fuel cell electrode.
Method used
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[0047]All palladium films of thickness between 50-1000 nm were deposited on a polycrystalline Au electrode according to under potential deposition (UPD) procedure described by Szpak et al. (S. Szpak, P. A. Mosierboss, S. R. Scharber and J. J. Smith, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 1992, 337, 147-163). Measurements were carried out in 0.1M HClO4 at 25±0.01° C. in two compartment electrochemical cell. A counter electrode was a large Pd sheet (˜10 cm2), the reference electrode was Hg|Hg2SO4|0.1M H2SO4 with the potential of 0.721 V vs. RHE. All potentials are reported against the RHE. Pt overlayers were obtained by Cu displacement method as described in details by S. Brankovic et al. (S. Brankovic, J. Wang and R. Adžić, Surface Science, 2001, 474, L173-L179). Pd electrode covered with Cu monolayer deposited from 0.1M H2SO4+1 mM CuSO4 was transferred to 0.01M K2PtCl6 solution without exposure to air. Pt overlayers ranging from 1 to 10 ML were obtained by repeating this procedure....
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Abstract
The present invention relates to palladium-platinum system consisting of palladium layer covered with a platinum overlayer consisting of 1 to 10 platinum monolayers deposited on palladium for use as hydrogen storage. Such system can be used in fuel cells, hydride batteries and supercapacitors. A method for increasing hydrogen absorption kinetics of hydrogen absorption / desorption process is also disclosed.
Description
[0001]The present invention relates to a novel palladium-platinum system. Such system is useful as hydrogen storage material and / or electrocatalyst. Such system may be successfully used in fuel-cells.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]The new sources of energy characterized by high efficiency and environmental friendliness are still one of the main areas of interest. The fuel cell, which converts energy of a chemical reaction into electricity, is an example of such a source that provides numerous benefits over the other traditional sources of electric energy. While the fuel cells are more and more frequently accepted as sources of electric energy, there are still numerous technical obstacles, which hinder their everyday use in many practical applications.[0003]One of such obstacles is that in fuel cells hydrogen is commonly employed as fuel, whereas oxygen is used as an oxidant. Clean hydrogen energy has a great potential as a technology of the future, since it may prevent serious env...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): C01B3/00B01J23/42B01J23/44B01J35/00B01J37/02H01M4/86H01M4/92H01M8/0208
CPCC01B3/0084B01J23/42B01J23/44B01J35/0033B01J37/0244H01M4/8657H01M4/92H01M8/0208C01B3/0026H01M2008/1095Y02E60/32Y02E60/50B01J35/33
InventorLEWERA, ADAMPOLCZYNSKI, PIOTRJURCZAKOWSKI, RAFAL
OwnerUNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI