71results about How to "Fast adsorption kinetics" patented technology

A composite adsorbent includes a shaped substrate having an adhesive film on a portion of at least one side and an adsorbent that has been immobilized as a layer on the adhesive portion of the substrate. The composite adsorbent is designed to be shaped into a form that provides a high adsorption capacity, low pressure drop, high volume capacity, and fast adsorption kinetics to effectively adsorb odors over an extended period of time. Optionally, the composite adsorbent is also used in combination with an air permeable unit wherein it is advantageously positioned to provide enhanced adsorption of contaminants found in gas phase.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a mesoporous ferric hydroxide adsorbent used for adsorbing a highly toxic pollutant Cr(VI). The method comprises the steps of mixing an inorganic ferric salt solution, a urea solution and an ethanol solution of Pluronic triblock copolymer P123 or F127, stirring uniformly, and then heating in a drying box, thus obtaining turbid liquid of the mesoporous ferric hydroxide-Pluronic triblock copolymer; and carrying out centrifugal separation, distilled water washing, ethanol washing and vacuum drying on the turbid liquid in sequence at room temperature, thus preparing the adsorbent. The preparation method has the remarkable advantages of simplicity, convenience, moderate conditions, cheap materials which are easily available and the like. The prepared mesoporous ferric hydroxide adsorbent has relatively high adsorbing amount and relatively rapid adsorption kinetics on Cr(VI), and can be recycled after regeneration.

The invention provides a carbon aerogel/metal organic framework composite material, a preparation method and application thereof in gas storage, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials and gas storage. The composite material is composed of an MOFs material with good adsorption capacity and a carbon aerogel framework material, wherein the MOFs material is used as an object material to be directly assembled into an aerogel framework, a blocky composite adsorbent material without a binder is obtained after joint carbonization, and methane gas can be effectively adsorbed and stored, therefore, the carbon aerogel/metal organic framework composite material has good practical application value.

The invention relates to a cationic organic polymer which is obtained by performing a polymerization reaction on a compound containing imidazole groups or pyridine groups and halohydrocarbon in an organic solvent at the temperature of 0-300 DEG C for 0-24h, wherein the ratio of the imidazole or pyridine groups to halogens is 1: 1; the compound containing the imidazole groups or pyridine groups isselected from the following chemical formulas; R1 is an imidazole group or pyridine group, and m, n, p and r are independently selected from integers that are greater than 0; the halohydrocarbon is selected from the following chemical formulas; X is independently selected from F, Cl, Br or I, and m is any integer which is 0 or greater. The invention also discloses application of the cationic organic polymer prepared by the preparation method, which serves as an HTcO4 radical and/or a perrhenic acid radical, in an adsorbent.

A composite adsorbent includes a substrate to which an adsorbent material has been immobilized. The composite adsorbent is designed to be shaped into a variety of forms that provide a high adsorption capacity, low pressure drop, high volume capacity, and fast adsorption kinetics to effectively adsorb contaminants. Optionally, the composite adsorbent is also used in combination with an air permeable unit wherein it is advantageously positioned to provide enhanced adsorption of contaminants found in gas phase.

The invention relates to a Fe-Mn loaded nanofiber membrane cadmium elimination material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environment materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, adopting electrospinning technique to prepare a polymer nanofiber membrane with large specific surface area, high porosity and strong toughness; secondly, adopting the polymer nanofiber membrane as a carrier material, and soaking the carrier material in a Fe-Mn salt solution; lastly, heating and adjusting pH to prepare a Fe-Mn oxidate loaded polymer nanofiber membrane with high specific surface area and simplicity in separation, wherein the nanofiber membrane can selectively adsorb and remove heavy metal cadmium Cd (II) in water, and has the advantages of fast adsorption kinetics, high adsorption capacity and simplicity in separation. The novel cadmium elimination material is simple in preparation method and low in cost, and has relatively good application prospects in purification treatment of cadmium contained water and wastewater.

The invention relates to a method for purifying and recycling mercury in flue gas, wherein the method is applicable to mercury desorption from coal-fired flue gas, and mercury purification and recycling from mercury-contained flue gas in nonferrous industries and belongs to the fields of atmospheric pollution control technologies and heavy metal pollution control. The method comprises the following steps: immerging activated carbon fiber in a 15-45wt% phosphoric acid solution or zinc chloride solution or ammonium salt solution for 12-24 hours, and then taking out the immerged activated carbonfiber, and airing the immerged activated carbon fiber for standby; adding the dried activated carbon fiber into a prepared 0.001-1 mg/L sliver-contained ion solution, agitating for 4-24 hours in a thermostatic water bath, filtering out the solution, flushing the activated carbon fiber repeatedly by using de-ionized water, filtering out the solution, flushing the activated carbon fiber repeatedly by using distilled water, and then drying the flushed activated carbon fiber at 50-105 DEG C in vacuum; regenerating the activated carbon fiber by using low-temperature plasma after the prepared silver-loaded activated carbon fiber is saturated with adsorbed mercury; and further recycling the volatilized mercurial vapor which enters a condenser, and flows back to a storage tank after being condensed. The method for purifying and recycling the mercury in the flue gas has the effects of rapidness, high efficiency, and low loss of carbon for the mercury desorption; and in addition, the mercurial vapor is reused by means of condensation and recycling.

An adsorbent is made by chemically attaching proper functional groups onto low cost precipitated silica surface under elevated temperature and pressure conditions. Functional groups are designed for particular targeted compounds. The resulting adsorbent has low production cost, high capacity and fast kinetics for adsorption applications. The resulting adsorbent also is very effective in adsorbing heavy metals such as mercury in high pH solutions.

The invention belongs to the field of modification of Mxene materials, and discloses an Mxene material with an organic chelating functional group grafted on the surface, the Mxene material is combined with a grafting agent through a silicon-oxygen bond, and the grafting agent contains amino and/or carboxyl as the organic chelating functional group. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the Mxene material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, dispersing Mxene powder in an organic solvent to obtain a suspension I, and adding the grafting agent into an organic solvent to obtain a solution II; and S2, adding the solution II into the suspension I, carrying out stirring reaction under an ultrasonic condition, then separating out a solid, and carrying out cleaning and drying to obtain a product. The preparation process is controllable and simple, operation is easy and convenient, the material is good in morphology and structure, the number of chelating functional groups grafted on the surface is considerable and uniform, and the material serving as a capacitive deionization electrode material is excellent in heavy metal ion and radioactive ion removal performance, so that efficient treatment of water is achieved, the material can be regenerated and recycled, and large-scale industrial production and application prospects are achieved.

The invention relates to a sea-urchin-shaped iron/manganese binary-nanometer cadmium (Cd) elimination material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental materials. Under the conditions of heating and pH regulation, an iron solution and a manganese solution are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that sea-urchin-shaped iron/manganese binary-nanometer oxide with a high specific surface area is prepared. The sea-urchin-shaped iron/manganese binary-nanometer oxide can be used for selectively adsorbing and eliminating heavy metal Cd (II) in water, and has the advantages of high adsorption kinetics speed, high adsorption capacity and wide pH application range. The preparation method of the novel Cd elimination material is simple and low in cost, and has a relatively good application prospect in terms of purification treatment on Cd-containing water and waste water.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a halloysite surface initiated boron affinity imprinted polymer adsorbent, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of environmental functional materials. The method comprises the following steps: purifying halloysite (HNTs), and wrapping the surface of halloysite with a layer of dopamine to form HNTs@PDA; connecting a bromine initiator to the surface of the HNTs@PDA to obtain HNTs@PDA@Br; connecting vinyl imidazole to the HNTs@PDA@Br through an atom free radical polymerization technology to obtain HNTs@PDA@Br@VLD; and adsorbing zinc ions, adsorbing luteolin, introducing fluorophenylboronic acid, and carrying out ATRP polymerization in order to obtain the imprinted polymer. Imprinted polymer microspheres prepared through the method have the advantages of good chemical stability, high adsorption capacity, good acid-alkali effect, realization of reversible adsorption/release functional luteolin with the acid-base value, and specific and high selective identification performance.

The invention provides a biosurfactant and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of surfactant preparation. The biosurfactant is obtained by a chelation reaction of the following raw materials: a proteolysis product, a protein aqueous dispersion and a multivalent metal ion aqueous solution. According to the invention, by compounding a polypeptide product (proteolysis product) obtained after protein is hydrolyzed by enzyme with protein and multivalent metal ions, the performance of the surfactant can be obviously improved by utilizing the synergistic effect of two or more components with different molecular sizes at an interface; on the basis of controlling the hydrolysis degree of protein and the concentration of enzymatic hydrolysate, protein and multivalent metal ions, the controllable adjustment of the performance of the surfactant can be realized; and a corresponding surfactant formula can be quickly developed according to specific application requirements.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental functional materials, and provides a preparation method and application of a pyridylamino composite hydrogel adsorbent in order to solve the problemof efficient and rapid removal of heavy metal cations in strong acid wastewater. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving an acid-binding agent, an aminopyridination modification reagent and polyethyleneimine in a water-organic mixed solution, and carrying out substitution reaction to obtain a modified solution; carrying out dialysis or ultrafiltration or nanofiltration onthe modified solution to obtain a refined PEIPD solution; and uniformly mixing the PEIPD solution with a polymer solution, and carrying out cross-linking and gelation reactions to obtain the pyridylamino composite hydrogel adsorbent. The hydrogel adsorbent disclosed by the invention is low in raw material cost, simple in preparation technology and suitable for large-scale production; and by adopting the hydrogel adsorbent disclosed by the invention, the strong-acid wastewater containing heavy metals can be directly treated without adjusting the pH value, and efficient and rapid removal of various heavy metal cations such as Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) in the strong-acid wastewater is realized.

The invention discloses a material for adsorbing uranium from a basic nuclear waste liquid and a preparation method of the material. The material for adsorbing uranium from the basic nuclear waste liquid is prepared from a polymer PPN-6 as a matrix by connecting short-chain quaternary phosphonium salt with the chlorinated carbon atom number being 1-4 onto a benzene ring of PPN-6. The material hasquite high adsorption capacity on uranyl tricarbonate, and has quite high adsorption selectivity and faster adsorption kinetics, a back extraction agent of the material is diluted hydrochloric acid, and besides, a back extraction method is very simple and convenient and has good recyclability; the material can be incinerated after being repeatedly used, and no secondary waste is produced.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a super-efficient sewage dephosphorization adsorbent, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and adsorbents. According to the method, based on a reaction that magnesium metal is combusted in a carbon dioxide atmosphere, MgO crystals and amorphous carbon are generated at the same time simply and quickly in one step; the two substancesare uniformly combined in a nanometer scale, so that the formed magnesium-based nano composite carbon material can be used as the super-efficient sewage dephosphorization adsorbent. The adsorbent hasextremely fast adsorption kinetics, a wide pH application range and relatively strong impurity anion interference resistance, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent to phosphorus in a solution is higher than 1000mg/g, and the efficient and rapid phosphorus removal effect can be achieved in actual sewage with various complex components. The method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate,short in preparation period and rich and cheap in raw material source, and the adsorbent has no toxicity to the environment, does not cause secondary pollution during preparation of the adsorbent andphosphorus removal application, and has a very good application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for adsorbing and treating antibiotics in a water body by using a three-dimensional metal organic framework/aerogel composite material, which comprises the steps of mixing the three-dimensional metal organic framework/aerogel composite material with antibiotic wastewater for contact adsorption to finish adsorption removal of the antibiotic wastewater, wherein the three-dimensional metal organic framework/aerogel composite material comprises ZIF-L and gelatin aerogel, and the ZIF-L is loaded on a gelatin aerogel substrate. The three-dimensional metal organic framework/aerogel composite material disclosed by the invention can realize efficient adsorption removal of antibiotic wastewater under static and dynamic conditions, and the method is simple in treatment process, convenient to operate, relatively low in treatment cost, good in adsorption removal effect, high in efficiency and good in material reusability, and has relatively high application potential and commercial prospect in practical application as a treatment method capable of being commonly used and efficiently adsorbing and removing antibiotics.

The invention discloses a taxol-10-deacetylbaccatine III bi-molecular metal-coordination imprinted material and a preparation method and application thereof.With a Co2+ -taxol-10- deacetylbaccatine III coordination compound being a template molecule, the amount-of-substance ratio of taxol-10-deacetylbaccatine III is controlled, the usage amount ratio of metal ions, ligand, functional monomers and a cross-linking agent in a pre-reaction mixed liquor is adjusted, and therefore bi-template-molecule imprinted polymer is successfully prepared.The obtained imprinted polymer has rapid adsorption kinetics for taxol and 10-deacetylbaccatine III; with the molecule imprinted polymer being an adsorption medium, the two compounds of taxol and 10-deacetylbaccatine III can be separated well from taxus chinensis rough extract through solid-phase extraction, and the total recovery rates are 90.38% and 93.60% respectively.The new material and the new application method are provided for gathering and separating of a natural product and trace active compounds in Chinese herbs.

The invention provides a non-reversible thiourea connected covalent organic framework for rapidly removing mercury and a preparation method thereof. A covalent organic framework is prepared by adopting a solvothermal method, and the non-reversible thiourea connected functionalized covalent organic framework with high crystallinity, large specific surface area and strong stability is formed through special tautomerism of a non-reversible thiourea connected ketone-imine structure from a reversible enol-imine structure. The problem that the pore properties, such as the specific surface area, the pore capacity and the crystallinity, of the material are reduced after the covalent organic framework is functionally modified can be solved, a strategy method for realizing COFs functionalization by combining a functional group and a connecting bond into one is provided; moreover, the introduced thiourea function key endows the prepared covalent organic framework with the capability of quickly adsorbing mercury in a water solution with high selectivity and high capacity, a new solution is provided for efficiently removing heavy metal mercury in the water solution, and the application of the covalent organic framework as an efficient adsorbent in the field of adsorption separation is expanded.

The invention discloses a SiO2/gamma-AlOOH compound thin film for toxic Cr(VI) adsorption and a preparing method and application thereof. The method includes the steps of preparing stable SiO2 sol andgamma-AlOOH sol, mixing the SiO2 sol and gamma-AlOOH sol according to a certain ratio, adding an acidified PVA water solution to be evenly stirred, conducting tape casting and drying on a base material, and conducting tearing off to obtain the SiO2/gamma-AlOOH compound thin film with excellent adsorption performance on toxic Cr(VI). The method has the advantages that the aluminum source is convenient to obtain and free of toxin and harm, and the method is mild in reaction condition, simple in preparing process and the like; the prepared SiO2/gamma-AlOOH compound thin film has excellent adsorption performance on toxic Cr(VI) and has the maximum adsorption amount of 33.67 mg/g, the SiO2/gamma-AlOOH compound thin film which has been used for adsorbing toxic Cr(VI) can be easily separated from a water body directly without causing secondary contamination to the water body.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a gamma-Al2O3 adsorbent, in particular to a preparation method of a hexagonal columnar micron-scale gamma-Al2O3 adsorbent with controllable particle size. The preparation method comprises the following steps: one of PSS, PEG 2000 or a Pluronic block copolymer, one of aluminum potassium sulfate and aluminum chloride as well as potassium acetate are dissolved in distilled water sequentially, uniformly and sufficiently stirred and subjected to hydro-thermal treatment, a hydro-thermal product is cooled naturally, separated, washed, dried in vacuum and roasted, hexagonal columnar micron-scale gamma-Al2O3 particles with remarkably accelerated adsorption kinetics on azo dye Congo red and excellent adsorption property are prepared, and the particle size of the hexagonal columnar micron-scale gamma-Al2O3 particles is changed in the length range of 1-2 mu m and in the height range of 2-3 mu m. The preparation method has the remarkable advantages that the raw materials are cheap, the preparation process is simple, reaction conditions are mild, the particle size of the product is controllable in a certain range, the adsorption of Congo red is excellent and the like, and the absorbent can be recycled.