A method and
system for differentiating acute and
chronic pain based on the functional state of specific neural circuits is proposed. This method utilizes
in vivo two-
photon / endoscopic
calcium imaging and
ex vivo brain slice patch-clamp techniques to longitudinally monitor the activity dynamics of neurons in the DRN and ZI brain regions during the acute and chronic phases of a
neuropathic pain model. By extracting and analyzing
calcium and electrophysiological
signal parameter sets, distinguishing criteria are established: if the activity of 5-HTergic neurons in the DRN is specifically enhanced in the acute phase, the indication is
acute pain; if the activity of GABAergic neurons in the ZI is specifically enhanced in the chronic phase, the indication is
chronic pain. This invention achieves an objective and precise differentiation of the transition from acute to
chronic pain at the level of specific neural circuits, providing a new strategy and tool for pain mechanism research and
clinical diagnosis and treatment.