The invention discloses an air traffic control data supply chain system and a data management method, and belongs to the technical field of air traffic control data processing. The invention providesan air traffic control data supply chain system in order to solve the problems that in the prior art, air traffic control data do not have a complete data supply chain system, so that data barriers between systems are serious, a perfect data management system does not exist, and data management is disordered. Chain nodes of the data supply chain comprise data production, data acquisition, data storage, data management and data application. During data processing, the air traffic control data supply chain system is constructed firstly, a processing platform is established in a data processing module of an air traffic control data supply chain, and data processing is implemented; and a data interaction publishing platform is built, and the data supply chain control and service capability isimproved. According to the invention, in air traffic control data management, a data supply chain is established to open a data circulation pipeline, assetization and servitization of data are completed in the data circulation process, and the data value is improved.