The invention relates to the technical field of network information, and discloses an intelligent safety protection device based on a network router, which comprises a shell, heat dissipation plates are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the shell, and a fixed rod is welded on the inner side of the shell and located between the two heat dissipation plates. According to the intelligent safety protection device based on the network router, a push plate drives a sliding rod to move in a sliding rail, when the push plate moves in the direction close to a cleaning frame, the sliding rod drives a telescopic rod to move, the telescopic rod drives a bearing plate to move, the bearing plate drives a cleaning brush to slide into a heat dissipation hole, and dust on the inner side of the heat dissipation hole is swept away; meanwhile, due to the fact that the telescopic rod is far away, the air storage bag begins to suck air, when the push plate is far away from the cleaning frame, the telescopic rod moves reversely, the cleaning brush is far away from the heat dissipation holes, the telescopic rod begins to extrude the air storage bag, air in the air storage bag is blown to the heat dissipation holes, dust on the inner sides of the heat dissipation holes is blown out, and the purpose of cleaning dust is achieved.