The invention discloses a power transmission line deicing system, and relates to the field of power line deicing equipment. The power transmission line deicing system comprises a spiral part, fixing parts and first deicing parts, wherein the spiral part includes a spiral plate, two ends of the spiral plate are fixedly provided with end part installation rings which are coaxial with the spiral plate, the surface of the spiral plate is uniformly provided with installation holes along the spiral line direction, the first deicing parts are respectively arranged in the installation holes in a penetrating manner, each first deicing part includes a first motor, the first motor is fixedly assembled with the spiral plate, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a transmission shaft, the end part of the transmission shaft is fixedly provided with a coaxially rotating cutterhead, the internal part of the cutterhead is fixedly provided with deicing cutters, and two ends of the spiralpart are respectively provided with the fixing parts. The power transmission line deicing system operates based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, can autonomously rise to the height of a power line, is wound with the power line, carries out a deicing operation on the power line under the action of internal machinery, and is significant in deicing effect and high in efficiency.