Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition

A technology of no-tillage seeding and fertilization method, applied in fertilization methods, fertilization devices, botanical equipment and methods, etc., can solve the problems of not indicating the type of fertilizer, destruction of the microbial flora of the plough layer, and inability to meet the requirements, so as to ensure the activity of microorganisms. and diversity, stability of microbial species and numbers, and the effect of improving nutrient use efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2013-04-24
INST OF AGRI RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT SHANDONG ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Under the condition that all the crop straws of the two seasons are returned to the field, according to the current operation specifications of mechanical rotary tillage in production, it is a relatively obvious phenomenon that the plow layer becomes shallow and the microbial flora of the plow layer is destroyed, which is very unfavorable for production.
In order to protect the tillage layer, CN102550258A (201210015480.X) provides a wheat alternate protective tillage and wide-width wide-row sowing and fertilization method, which limits the cultivation, sowing and fertilization methods of wheat, but the alternate operation in this method In terms of production, it is difficult to operate due to land restrictions and fineness, and there is only one opportunity for rotary tillage every 3-4 years, and there will also be a phenomenon that the cultivated layer becomes shallower; when corn straw is returned to the field, a large amount of org...

Method used

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  • Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition
  • Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition
  • Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Example 1: A method of sowing and fertilizing wheat and corn with less and no-tillage under the condition of returning all straw to the field, including one-time operation of no-tillage sowing of corn and fertilization, and one-time operation of no-tillage sowing and fertilization of wheat after corn straw is returned to the field, the steps are as follows :

[0044] 1. One-time operation of no-till sowing corn and fertilization

[0045] (1) After the harvested wheat stalks are sprinkled into strips to cover the soil surface, use a corn no-tillage sowing and fertilizer applicator (such as figure 1 As shown) to perform field sowing and fertilization operations, the front subsoiling column 1 vibrates to deeply loosen the soil by 38cm, and at the same time, naturally divide the straw to both sides of the subsoiling ditch;

[0046] (2) There are two fertilizer discharge pipes at different heights on the rear side of the subspine column 1. The fertilizer discharge nozzle 2 ...

Embodiment 2

[0057] Example 2: A method of sowing and fertilizing wheat and corn with less and no-tillage under the condition of returning all straw to the field, including a one-time operation of no-tillage corn sowing and fertilization, and a one-time operation of no-tillage sowing and fertilization of wheat after corn straw is returned to the field. The steps are as follows :

[0058] 1. No-till sowing corn and fertilizing disposable operation, as described in embodiment 1, the difference is:

[0059] (1) The soil is deeply loosened by 35cm;

[0060] (2) The fertilizer discharge nozzle at a high position is 18cm away from the upper end of the subsoil column, and the fertilizer discharge nozzle at a low position is at a distance of 35cm from the upper end of the subsoil column. The subsoil column vibrates the fertilizer through the fertilizer while deeply loosening the soil The pipe is transported to the soil depth of 18cm and 35cm; the high-position fertilizer outlet discharges the gra...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under a complete straw mulching condition. The seeding and fertilizing method comprises the following steps of: after wheat is harvested by a combined wheat harvester, covering straws on the surface of soil in a strip manner basically, and implementing subsoiling, shallow and deep fertilization and seeding of corns in one step in seeding lines by a no-tillage corn seeding and fertilizing machine; and after the corns are harvested by a combined corn harvester, cutting up corn straws by rotary blades of the combined corn harvester, uniformly covering the corn straws on the surface of the ground, and implementing subsoiling, rotary tillage of wheat seeding belts, seeding of wheat and shallow and deep fertilization in one step by a no-tillage wheat seeding and fertilizing machine. The few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method has the advantages of alleviating disturbance on soil, ensuring the variety and stable quantity of microorganisms in surface soil, being beneficial to benign growth of roots of crops and eliminating the influence of crop straw mulching on the quality of seeding and seedling emergence of wheat and corns.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a sowing and fertilizing technology in the crop planting production process, in particular to a method for sowing and fertilizing wheat and corn under the condition of returning all the stalks of double-ripened crops of wheat and corn to the field with less and no-tillage soil. Background technique [0002] The production level of my country's main grain crops such as wheat and corn is gradually increasing, but the price growth rate of grain and agricultural products is too slow compared with cash crops, industry and service industries, and farmers' income is relatively small, resulting in a gradual decrease in the labor force engaged in agricultural production. The application of machinery in agricultural production has become more and more common, which is also an inevitable trend of productivity improvement. For example, mechanical operations such as mechanical harvesting of wheat and corn, mechanical returning of straw to th...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01C21/00A01G1/00
Inventor 谭德水刘兆辉江丽华徐钰石璟李国生刘海燕
Owner INST OF AGRI RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT SHANDONG ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
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