Novel method for winter bud grafting of young and strong mulberry with grafted portion imitating original ecology

Abstract

The invention provides a novel method for winter bud grafting of young and strong mulberry with a grafted portion imitating original ecology, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mulberry cultivation. The method is characterized in that a traditional winter bark cutting bud grafting method is changed, wherein according to the traditional method, 2-3 buds are grafted in different directions on a horizontal height on the upper portion of a young mulberry trunk or one bud is grafted on each branch 3.3-6.6cm above the root of one branch of the young mulberry or roots of two or three branches of a strong mulberry; according to the novel method, the grafted portion is selected by imitating the original ecology position of a mulberry bud, the distance between an upper grafted bud and a lower grafted bud is 7cm, 3-4 buds are grafted on each plant in different positions from the upper portion of the trunk, or 2-3 buds are grafted on the periphery in different positions from the upper portion of each complete branch, the spreading range of the branches is large after the buds survive, the positions are good, distribution is uniform, and directions are reasonable. Compared with the traditional grafting method, the tree crown area in the same year is increased by 173.9%, the yield of mulberry leaves is increased by 45.6-98.9%, shaping production time is shortened by a year, and the method can be widely applied to improvement of young and strong trees of various mulberry fields, four-edge mulberries, large-ridge mulberries and coriaria sinia except non-trunk mulberries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a winter bud grafting technique for young and strong mulberry trees, which is characterized in that it is a new multi-bud grafting method imitating the original ecology of the ear bud grafting part, which can expand the crown of the tree, increase the production of mulberry leaves, and be finalized and put into production one year in advance. It belongs to the agricultural mulberry tree The field of cultivation technology. Background technique [0002] Under the same conditions, the yield of good mulberry is several to ten times higher than that of seed mulberry, and the leaf quality is excellent. Grafting and improving mulberry varieties is an important way to realize good mulberry. The period of winter slack bud grafting is during the winter slack period, the grafting time is long, and the spikes do not need to be stored. Compared with the simple bud grafting in spring, the number of grafted buds per plant is more, and it ha...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0013] 1. The expansion range of the tree crown is small: for young trees that have not cultivated a trunk, the ear buds are grafted along the periphery of the rootstock trunk at the same level as the upper part of the main trunk, and the slits between the branches that grow after survival are small and cannot fully extend to the surroundings. The periphery is spread out, and the crown diameter and crown area are small, which cannot make full use of space and light energy, which is not conducive to promoting the vigorous growth of mulberry trees and cultivating a high-yield skeleton structure as soon as possible.

And because the branches and leaves are crowded, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are poor, and it is easy to breed diseases and insect pests.

[0014] 2. The finalization and production time is delayed by one year: the saplings have not been cultivated, and the ear buds are grafted along the periphery of the rootstock trunk at the same level as the main trunk. The slit angle is not enough, the trunk cannot be opened, and a qualified branch cannot be cultivated in that year. In the next winter, the new branches that grow in the middle and lower part of a trunk must be re-selected to retain the one with a large slit angle and reasonable direction distribution. As a part of a trunk, the branch is cut off from the upper section of the original trunk, and the lower section of the original trunk is added to the base section of the new branch to form a trunk together, thus leading to the completion of tree-type cultivation and production. one year delay

Similarly, young trees grafted on one trunk and strong trees grafted on the second and third trunks are grafted 3.3-6.6 centimeters above the fork at the base of the branch and only one branch is grafted on each branch. There is only one spike bud, and there is only one good mulberry branch on each branch. The original branch in the year of grafting is kept very short and cannot be used as a complete layer of branches. It can only be grafted with a section of the base of the good mulberry branch after grafting. In the winter of that year, a new layer of branches can be formed together, and a new layer of branches cannot be cultivated on the original layer of branches in the year of grafting, which also delays the time for finalization and production by one year

[0015] 3. The number of grafted buds is small, and the increase in production in the year is limited: due to the grafting at the same horizontal height on the periphery of the trunk, the incision and ear buds are crowded, and only 2 ear buds can be grafted per plant for saplings 1-2 years after planting. Young trees that have not been improved for many years and have thicker trunks but have not developed a trunk can only be grafted with 3 ear buds. Young trees that have cultivated a trunk or a strong tree that has been formed can only graft one bud on each branch. Spike buds, due to the lack of grafted spike buds, the yield increase of young trees is limited in the same year, and the yield of mature trees will be reduced by 50-60% in the same year