Hybrid rice water saving direct sowing cultivation method based on smashing, burying and retuning to field of preceding crop straw

Abstract

The invention discloses an oilseed rape and wheat stubble hybrid rice water saving direct sowing cultivation method based on smashing, burying and retuning to field of preceding crop straw, wherein the cultivation method combines agricultural machinery with the agricultural technology closely. Appropriately-precocious, high-yield, stress-resistant and high-quality rice and oilseed rape or wheat varieties are selected, after the oilseed rape or wheat is mature, straw smashing during machine harvesting or separate straw smashing after harvesting is adopted, the smashed straw is buried in the field through mechanical farming, direct sowing of hybrid rice is carried out through sowing machines or workers under non-irrigation conditions, emergence and growth of rice seedlings are guaranteed under non-basin irrigation conditions, field management measures similar to normal rice cultivation are not taken until the three-leaf stage of the rice seedlings, and the yield equal to or higher than that of local seedling raising and transplanting rice under equal conditions is obtained finally. The hybrid rice water saving direct sowing cultivation method based on smashing, burying and retuning to field of the preceding crop straw realizes light and simple returning to field and effective utilization of oilseed rape and wheat straw, can substantially save water for rice irrigation and avoid seasonal water consumption peaks and water competition contradictions in rice production in arid regions, and realizes cost-reducing efficient ecological rice cultivation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of rice cultivation, and in particular relates to a new water-saving direct-seeding cultivation method of oil and wheat stubble hybrid rice based on crushing and burying the previous crop stalks and returning them to the field. Background technique [0002] 1. Rapeseed stubble and wheat stubble rice in the Sichuan Basin have always been transplanted by seedling raising and field planting. The seedling raising and field planting require a lot of labor and labor intensity; while direct seeding cultivation can save the traditional rice cultivation. Save production labor, reduce labor intensity, improve labor productivity, and do not need to reserve land for seedling cultivation. Therefore, directing rice directly after harvesting rapeseed and wheat can effectively reduce the production cost of rice and improve the economic benefits of rice planting. [0003] 2. In double-cropping rice production areas where rapeseed or ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] 2. In double-cropping rice production areas where rapeseed or wheat are stubbled with rice, farmers have habitually burned rapeseed and wheat straw for a long time, not only causing a huge waste of resources, but also causing air pollution, which is a major ecological and environmental problem

[0004] Straw returning to the field has always been considered a good way to dispose of straw, but people have not found a simpler and easier way to return straw to the field, and technological innovations and breakthroughs are urgently needed

[0005] 3. In the hilly areas of central and eastern Sichuan, there are frequent droughts in winter and spring, high frequency of early summer droughts, and insufficient irrigation water

Under the traditional seedling-raising and transplanting method, the timely planting of rice is seriously deviated from the water source conditions, which greatly affects rice production.

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