Pop corn breeding method capable of increasing expansion coefficient and improving flower shape

Abstract

The invention relates to a pop corn breeding method capable of increasing an expansion coefficient and improving a flower shape. The method comprises the following steps of selecting an original material, performing breeding, matching hybrids, and performing breeding by adopting a systematic breeding method and a second cycle line method to obtain small embryo and micro-embryo selfing lines. The method specifically comprises the steps that the original material is screened; a test material is planted; when the area of germ surface peel of corn seeds subjected to continuous multi-generation selection accounts for less than 1/5 of the surface area of the seeds or the oil content of the seeds is less than 2%, genotype immobilization is carried out to obtain a stable small embryo selfing lineor a stable micro embryo selfing line; according to hybrid matching, the small embryo and micro embryo selfing lines are used as parents; and matching is carried out to obtain a pop corn hybrid with ahigh expansion coefficient. By a small and micro embryo breeding way of reducing germs and increasing endosperms, a new pop corn variety with the high expansion coefficient is bred at high efficiency, high speed and low cost; and groups and comprehensive seeds can be used as the original material, and an existing excellent selfing line can be subjected to small germ improvement.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant breeding, in particular to a popping corn breeding method for increasing the expansion coefficient and improving the flower shape. Background technique [0002] The expansion coefficient of popped corn refers to the expansion degree of the volume of corn kernels after popping, expressed by the ratio of the volume of each corn kernel before and after popping (volume of corn flower / volume of corn kernel). Expansion coefficient is the most important indicator of the processing quality and eating quality of popped corn. The larger the expansion coefficient, the larger the popcorn, the better the crispness, the better the appearance quality, and the higher the yield. Studies have shown that the internal factors that determine the expansion coefficient are endosperm and chemical and physical properties. In general, the higher the proportion of horny endosperm in the whole endosperm, the greater the expa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] 2. Low breeding efficiency and difficult genetic gain

[0010] 3. The quality inspection cannot accurately correspond to the seeds, and the breeding efficiency is low

However, the detection of the popping coefficient of popped corn is a destructive detection, and the corn kernels lose their sowing value after popping into popcorn

Therefore, it can only be tested for fruit ears, and the obtained data can only be used as a reference, so the breeding efficiency is reduced

[0012] 4. It is difficult to improve food quality

The improvement of quality by conventional breeding methods mainly depends on the original materials, and the progress of breeding is slow

[0014] 5. Difficulty in trait improvement

[0016] 6. High cost of breeding

[0017] The breeding cycle is long, the selection efficiency is low, the resource consumption is large, and the breeding cost is high

[0018] The present invention is mainly aimed at the problems of poor germplasm resources, low line selection efficiency, long breeding cycle, high breeding cost, and the degree of dross and flower shape rate of large flower varieties in the breeding of popcorn with high expansion coefficient.