Electric dewatering and desalting appliance for crude oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a crude oil electric desalination dehydrator used in the petrochemical industry, in order to solve the problems existing in the existing electric desalination dehydrator that adopt a weak electric field to feed materials, which weakens the electric coalescence in the strong electric field area and the crude oil moves from bottom to top Its main feature is that it can use strong electric field to directly feed and crude oil to flow horizontally during operation. In the electric desalination dehydrator of the present invention, a feed distributor (4) and a strong electric field coalescence area (5) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the tank body from the oil-water mixture inlet end of the tank body (1), and the tank body is purified An oil outlet pipe (10) is provided on the top of the crude oil outlet, and at least two layers of planar electrode plates (6) parallel to the axial direction of the tank are provided in the strong electric field coalescence area, and the electrode plates of each layer are parallel to each other. The feed distributor is provided with a spout, which sprays the oil-water mixture into the strong electric field between all adjacent two-layer electrode plates. A settling separation zone (7) can also be set between the strong electric field coalescence zone and the outlet end of the purified crude oil in the tank.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a crude oil electric desalination and dehydration equipment used in the petrochemical industry. Background technique [0002] Chinese patent CN2159833Y discloses a squirrel-cage electrode assembly and an electric desalination and dehydration device and process for horizontal flow of crude oil. The oil-water mixture enters the tank from the oil-water mixture inlet of the electric desalination dehydrator tank, flows horizontally through the distribution plate, and passes through the weak electric field area, transitional electric field area and strong electric field area in sequence. The coalesced water droplets settle to the bottom of the tank in a parabolic trajectory, and the desalted and dehydrated crude oil is drawn out from the oil collecting pipe located at the outlet of the purified crude oil in the electric desalting dehydrator tank. This electric desalination dehydrator uses a single-layer electrode, which can be used ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The present invention is mainly used to simultaneously solve the following technical problems in the various existing crude oil electric desalination and dehydration devices: the oil-water mixture sequentially passes through the weak electric field region, the transition electric field region and the strong electric field region to make the electric coalescence of the strong electric field region The effect is weakened, which affects and reduces the efficiency of electric desalination and dehydration of crude oil; the crude oil in the tank of the electric desalination dehydrator flows from bottom to top, thereby retarding the settlement of water droplets in crude oil and reducing the efficiency of oil-water separation; using a strong electric field to directly feed multi-stage Electric desalination and dehydration equipment, there are back-mixing of oil-water mixtures with different salt and water contents between the electric fields at all levels; electric desalination and dehydration devices using squirrel-cage electrode assemblies or electrode assemblies with multi-layer electrodes with circular cross-sections, The radial distribution of the electric field intensity of the formed circular electric field is uneven, which affects the effect of electric desalination and dehydration of crude oil, and the power consumption is high

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