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Pyrotechnic yellow smoke compositions based on solvent yellow 33

a technology of solvent yellow 33 and pyrotechnic yellow smoke, which is applied in the direction of smoke/mist generation, alkali metal salt explosive compositions, explosives, etc., can solve the problems of liver and nervous system damage, known to be highly toxic to aquatic life, etc., and achieve the effect of facilitating the flowability of inventive formulations

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-04-28
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE AS REPRESENTED BY THE SEC OF THE ARMY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent text describes a way to improve the flowability of a formulation by substituting a small amount of fumed silica (also known as pyrogenic silica) for an equal amount of fuel and sugar. The silica acts as an anticaking agent, which prevents the formulation from clogging during handling, transport, and packing into the desired container. The technical effect of this change is to improve the flowability of the formulation and to make it easier to handle and pack.

Problems solved by technology

Unfortunately, the current M194 HHS yellow smoke formulation contains two toxic anthraquinone dyes, namely Vat Yellow 4 (aka (dibenzochrysenedione) and benzanthrone.
Benzanthrone is a known dermal sensitizer, and is reported as causing liver and nervous system damage; plus, it is also known to be highly toxic to aquatic life.

Method used

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  • Pyrotechnic yellow smoke compositions based on solvent yellow 33
  • Pyrotechnic yellow smoke compositions based on solvent yellow 33
  • Pyrotechnic yellow smoke compositions based on solvent yellow 33

Examples

Experimental program
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Embodiment Construction

[0017]The present inventive HHS yellow pyrotechnic smoke composition is preferably a mixture of solid materials, including about 34.5 weight percent of potassium chlorate (KClO3), an oxidizing agent; about 21.5 to about 22.0 weight percent of a sugar (sucrose), a fuel (reducing agent); about 36 to about 37 weight percent of solvent yellow 33 (SY33, also known as quinoline yellow ss, or as D&C Yellow No. 11), the yellow smoke agent; about 5.5 weight percent hydromagnesite (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2.4H2O), a cooling agent; about 0 to about 1.0 weight percent stearic acid, a lubricant; and about 0 to about 0.5 weight percent hydrophobic fumed silica, an anti-caking agent. To this mixture of solid powdered materials, a binder or combination of binders may be added, where the most preferred binder is about 0 to about 1.0 weight percent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), also a solid (such that the resulting mixture need only be dry-tumbled to be completed).

[0018]As stated above, in an alternative embodiment ...

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Abstract

A yellow smoke composition useful in hand held signals, such as the U.S. Army M194 yellow smoke parachute signal; which composition contains the nontoxic, environmentally safe, quinoline solvent yellow 33 color agent and critically exhibits the requisite dense yellow smoke for the requisite 9 to 18 second burn time upon use. Further, this inventive yellow smoke composition can be used in current metal tubes and in other media, such as biodegradable cardboard tubes.

Description

FEDERAL RESEARCH STATEMENT[0001]The inventions described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by, or for, the U.S. Government, for U.S. Government purposes.BACKGROUND OF INVENTION[0002]1. Field of the Invention[0003]The present invention relates to hand held signal pyrotechnic smoke compositions, and more particularly, to such an compositions that are free of the conventional, but toxic yellow smoke agents Vat Yellow 4 (dibenzochrysenedione) and benzanthrone, and still continue to provide the requisite density, burn time, and good color quality.[0004]2. Background Art[0005]Hand held signal (HHS) pyrotechnic smoke compositions are useful for multiple military purposes—including signaling troop locations or distress, during combat or training operations, or to serve as a beacon for target or landing zone marking. One such pyrotechnic smoke formulation is contained within the US Army M194 HHS—which HHS is launched via a rocket to a height of about 725 feet, at which point the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C06B23/00C06D3/00
CPCC06D3/00C06B23/00
Inventor MORETTI, JARED D.SABATINI, JESSE J.CHEN, GARYGILBERT, JR., ROBERT
Owner UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE AS REPRESENTED BY THE SEC OF THE ARMY
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