43 results about "Smoke composition" patented technology

A smoking article capable of delivering a regulated smoke composition to a smoker, includes: a) a combustible filler wrapped in a combustible sheath; and b) at least one affinity chromatographic filter unit designed to preferentially remove specific targeted components from the smoke disposed within the sheath adjacent the combustible filler. The filter unit includes a mass of silica or resin particles having chemically bonded to their surfaces functional groups which exhibit preferential affinity for the targeted components and which reversibly bind the targeted components to elute components having a lower affinity than a previously bound component.

The invention provides a chamber fire simulation experiment device under the action of external wind. The device can simulate chamber fire combustion conditions in a laboratory under the action of the external wind and can be used for researching chamber fire development and windowsill overflow rules under the action of the external wind. The chamber fire simulation experiment device under the action of the external wind comprises an experiment table body, an outer vertical face, an external wind system and a matched measurement and control system. The device is designed according to a medium-size model proportion of 1:3 and is the first experimental device carrying out comprehensive and systematic study on the heat release rate, smoke flowing, temperature distribution, smoke compositions, the air supplement speed, thermal radiation flux, flame forms, sill overflowing and the like of a chamber fire under the action of the external wind. On the basis of previous experimental bases, the defects that a full-scale experiment is high in cost and a numerical simulation tool is not precise enough are overcome, repeatability of the experiment is guaranteed, and the device has great application value and important guiding significance in conducting laboratory scientific research and influences of actual external wind on the chamber fire.

A prediction model of cigarette material and mainstream smoke composition based on genetic algorithm optimized neural network comprises the following steps: sample pretreatment; obtaining the optimalweights and threshold parameters of neural network based on genetic algorithm; constructing and training the neural network based on the optimal weights and thresholds obtained by genetic algorithm. The trained neural network model is verified and the evaluation model is applied to the actual effect. Compared with the neural network without optimization algorithm, the neural network model based ongenetic algorithm firstly uses genetic algorithm to select the weights and thresholds to minimize the model error as the initial parameters of the training neural network, which can avoid the model falling into the local optimal solution, but can not get the global optimal solution.

A training rocket for smoke development. The training rocket includes a rocket tube which contains powder and constitutes a propulsion motor for the rocket. The rocket includes a forward training head which contains a smoke composition adapted to emit visible smoke upon impact. An igniter charge, such as a tracer charge, which can be ignited by the propellant powder is situated in the rearmost of the training head, behind a bursting charge which can be ignited by the igniter charge. The igniter charge and the bursting charge are situated behind the smoke composition in the training head, for igniting the smoke composition, in a capsule which can be forced rearwardly from the training head due to the increased pressure caused by combustion of the smoke composition, whereby an aperture is formed for passage of smoke gases rearwardly in the rocket, through the rocket tube and out of it.

The invention discloses an automatic control test device of a gas cooker. A working circuit of the device comprises a main control unit, and a display unit, a control unit, a temperature collection unit, an analog input unit and an analysis processing unit, which are respectively and electrically connected with the main control unit, wherein the control unit comprises a program logic controller (PLC), a gas flow meter which is electrically connected with the PLC, a gas pressure regulating valve, a stirrer and a gas on-off valve; the temperature collection unit comprises a gas temperature collection unit, an ambient temperature collection unit, a smoke temperature collection unit and a hot water temperature collection unit; the analog input unit comprises a gas pressure input unit and an atmosphere pressure input unit; and the analysis processing unit comprises a smoke composition analyzer and a heat radiation collection instrument. The automatic control test device of the gas cooker has advantages of compactness in structure, high safety, simpleness and convenience in testing, good test effect, reliability in test data and the like.

The invention discloses an experiment system for simulating cable burning under the fire environment and a method thereof. The experiment system for simulating cable burning under the fire environment comprises a weighing device which is provided with a sample frame used for fixing cable samples; a heating device which comprises a radiation heating shell and an igniter, wherein the radiation heating shell covers the weighing device, and the igniter is arranged in the cavity of the radiation heating shell and used for igniting the cable samples fixed on the sample frame; multiple thermocouples and heat flow meters; and a smoke collection device which comprises a smoke collection hood and a smoke composition analyzer, wherein the smoke collection hood is connected with the radiation heating shell of the heating device, and smoke emitted by burning of the cable samples is guided to the smoke composition analyzer through the smoke collection hood. According to the experiment system for simulating cable burning under fire environment and the method thereof, more accurate nature determination and classification of the burning characteristics of the cables are facilitated so that deeper research and analysis can be performed in the aspect of cable fire dynamics.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing the coal quality for boiler combustion based on monitoring of smoke compositions of a boiler. The concentration analysis data based on the smoke compositions in the entry of an air pre-heater comprises oxygen amount, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, moisture and nitrogen. Combined with the ash data of the on-site coal quality for boiler combustion, by means of a specific calculating method and steps, the composition of each element for the burning coal quality during the normal operation can be determined and the problem that how to accurately monitor the coal quality for boiler combustion during the normal operation can be solved. The monitoring method provided by the invention is simple and convenient, and provides a possible selection for monitoring the coal quality for boiler combustion accurately for a power plant.

The invention discloses a refining composition for smelting aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a method for smelting aluminum or the aluminum alloy by utilizing the refining composition. The refining composition comprises a low-smoke composition formed by KCl, MgCl2 and CaF2, wherein the weight ratio of KCl to MgCl2 is 1:1; the total weight of KCl and MgCl2 accounts for 65wt% to 50wt% of the total weight of the low-smoke composition; the weight of CaF2 accounts for 35wt% to 50wt% of the total weight of the low-smoke composition. The refining composition can be used for eliminating or obviously reducing black smoke generated during the smelting of aluminum or the aluminum alloy.

The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette smoke filtering devices, in particular to a filter tip device which is provided with an atomized smoke releasing device and can be used for mixing atomized smoke and cigarette smoke. The filter tip device is used for smoking of traditional cigarettes and comprises a cigarette tip section, an atomization device section and a smoke mixing and filtering section, wherein the cigarette tip section is connected with a filter tip of a traditional cigarette; the atomization device comprises an electronic smoke atomization device wrapped by a flue channel; the smoke mixing and filtering section comprises a smoke primary mixing cavity, a smoke secondary guiding and mixing section and a filtering section which are connected in sequence. According to the filter tip device disclosed by the invention, liquid spray smoke generated by electronic atomization and the traditional smoke are mixed, so that the smoke composition and the smoking mouthfeel can be adjusted and changed, and the smoking mouthfeel of smoke is well considered while harmful components are filtered and adsorbed more sufficiently. The filter tip device disclosed by the invention is novel and unique in development idea and has better promotion, application and protection value.

The invention discloses a method and a system for treating arsenic-containing metallurgical off-gas. The method comprises the following steps: smelting arsenic-containing concentrate to obtain a smelted product and the metallurgical off-gas; adopting sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 55-63% to elute the metallurgical off-gas, so as to absorb arsenic oxide in the metallurgical off-gas; when the arsenic oxide is supersaturated and separated out, performing solid-liquid separation to the sulfuric acid containing arsenic oxide, so as to obtain arsenic oxide and the eluted sulfuric acid. The method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can be used for treating the arsenic-containing metallurgical off-gas with high dust concentration, high smoke composition and concentration fluctuation, high dust cementation capacity, and high sulfur content in the off-gas, so as to improve the treatment effect in the prior art.

A method for the ultrasonic separation of a solution, wherein the solution is subjected to the ultrasonic vibration in an ultrasonic atomization chamber (4) and atomized into a mist in a conveying gas, the conveying gas containing the atomized mist is transported to a recovering section (5), and a mist component having been atomized to a mist is separated from the conveying gas and recovered in the recovering section (5), which comprises, in the recovering section (5), an adsorption step of contacting the conveying gas containing the mist component with an adsorbing agent (15) to allow the adsorbing agent (15) to adsorb the mist component and a separation step of separating the mist component having been adsorbed on the adsorbing agent (15) in the adsorption step from the adsorbing agent (15) and then recovering it, and separates the mist component from the conveying gas by the absorbing and separation steps and by setting the pressure in the separation step at a value lower than that in the adsorbing step.

The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting sintering homogeneity. The device comprises sampling guns, a hose, a vacuum pump and a gas analyzer, wherein the suction end of the vacuum pump is connected to joints of the sampling guns through the hose, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected with the gas analyzer. The method comprises the following steps: the three sampling guns with different lengths are placed at positions of grate bars at the bottom part of a sintering trolley respectively, and travel with the sintering trolley; when the sintering trolley runs to an initial ignition section, the hose connected with the vacuum pump is connected to the three sampling guns, combustion exhaust gas is pumped into the gas analyzer for detection of the volume concentrations of CO, CO2 and O2, the symmetry and the continuity of the combustion exhaust gas are analyzed, and the transverse homogeneity and the longitudinal homogeneity of sintering of the trolley are judged. By online detection of sintering smoke composition, the device and the method have the advantages that the magnitude of the transverse homogeneity and the magnitude of the longitudinal homogeneity of the sintering trolley can be accurately judged, and non-dead-angle gas composition analysis of the whole trolley is achieved; besides, the sintering operation process and the ore blending scheme can be improved and optimized in real time based on detection and judgment results, therefore, the quality of sintered ore is improved.

The invention is a cigarette casing, which is intended for independent making of a <<Russian>> cigarette (papirosy) by a smoker or for bulk production.

The casing of the <<Russian>> cigarette has an empty mouthpiece (1) and a connected empty envelope (2) at least a part of the cavity (4) of which is intended for the allocation of the smoking material. It contains a separating partition being selectively penetrable for the smoke, installed so that at least a part of the cavity (3) of the mouthpiece (1) could be detached from at least a part of the cavity (4) of the envelope (2) and so that it is possible to overlap at least a part of the cross section of the cavity (3) of the mouthpiece (1).

Its design impedes, making minor changes in the composition of the smoke, the penetration of the particles of the smoking material located in the cavity (4) of the envelope (2) into the cavity (3) of the mouthpiece (1) while filling the casing with this smoking material and into the mouth of the smoker during smoking.

The casing of the <<Russian>> cigarette has an empty mouthpiece (1) and a connected empty envelope (2), the length of the mouthpiece (1) not less than the length of the envelope (2), the envelope (2) overlaps the mouthpiece (1) with all its length, the mouthpiece (1) and the envelope (2) are installed so that it is possible to move them relative to each other along the common longitudinal axis. The mouthpiece (1) impedes the deformation of the part of the cavity (4) of the envelope (2) intended for the allocation of the smoking material before the placing of this smoking material.

The invention provides a smoke composition. The smoke composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 of dye, 20-30 of lactose, 20-30 of KClO3, 10-20 of double-nail propellant powder, and 5-10 of adhesive, wherein the double-nail propellant powder comprises collodion and nitroguanidine. The double-nail propellant powder serves as the main energy source of the smoke composition, the lactose serves as a combustible agent, and the dye serves as a coloring agent. Due to external stimulation, the double-nail propellant powder burns furiously, generating sound and releasing a large quantity of heat so as to enable KClO3 and lactose to react to produce a lot of gas and energy, the heat sublimates the dye quickly, gas fuel scatters in air along with CO1, CO2, vapor and other gases produced by the reaction between KClO3 and lactose and condenses into solid dye particles when being cooled in air, and the solid dye particles are reflected by sunshine so as to form visible smoke. The smoke composition provided in the invention is non-toxic and harmless and produces smoke rapidly, the raw materials are easy to get, and the preparation method is simple.

Provided is a Raman scattering measurement apparatus including a light source which emits light to smoke particles, a filter configured to block light which is incident to the smoke particles and passes through the particle and to allow Raman scattered light to pass therethrough, and a photodetector which detects the Raman scattered light passing through the filter in order to distinguish fire smoke generated due to a true fire from non-fire smoke generated due to daily life or industrial activity. The present invention also provides a fire determination apparatus including a unit which reads a Raman shift from Raman scattered light detected by the photodetector of the Raman scattering measurement apparatus, estimates a smoke component from the read Raman shift, and determines fire/non-fire from the estimated smoke component and a method thereof.

An animal chronic obstructive disease test device capable of recycling smoke, which comprises an animal activity chamber, the top of the animal activity chamber is communicated with an outlet of a smoke preparation box through a smoke supply pipeline, the smoke preparation box is provided with four inlets, three inlets are connected with an O2 supply device, a CO2 supply device and a CO supply device respectively; the lower part of the animal activity chamber is communicated with the fourth inlet of the smoke preparation box through a recirculation pipeline with a recirculation valve, a component measuring device, a manual valve, a fan and a flow meter are arranged on the smoke supply pipeline, and a concentration meter is arranged in the animal activity chamber. The invention further provides a test method based on the animal chronic obstructive disease test device capable of recycling smoke, the smoke composition, concentration, temperature, humidity and the like in the animal activity chamber in the whole test process can be effectively monitored, meanwhile, cigarette smoke is recycled, and operation of a smoke generator is reduced.