Electrolyte solution capable of improving over-charge safety performance of lithium battery

A technology of electrolyte solution and safety performance, applied in the field of materials, can solve the problems of reducing safety, battery internal pressure and temperature rise, and achieve the effects of improving anti-flat performance, improving overcharge resistance performance, and strong operability

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-09-22
ZHANGJIAGANG GUOTAI HUARONG NEW CHEM MATERIALS CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] When the lithium-ion battery is overcharged, because the battery voltage rises rapidly with the increase of polarization, it will inevitably cause irreversible changes in the structure of the positive electrode active material and oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte, which will generate a large amount of gas and release a large amount of heat, resulting in the internal discharge of the battery. The pressure and temperature rise sharply, and there are unsafe hazards such as explosion and combustion. At the same time, the surface of the carbon negative electrode in an overcharged state will also reduce its safety due to the deposition of metal lithium.

Method used

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  • Electrolyte solution capable of improving over-charge safety performance of lithium battery
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  • Electrolyte solution capable of improving over-charge safety performance of lithium battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0019] in an argon-filled glove box (H 2 O6 Soluble in a mixed solvent of EC / DMC / EMC (the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1), in which LiPF 6 The final concentration is 1M; then the above-mentioned lithium-ion battery electrolyte is divided into two parts, one of which is a control sample without additives, and one is added with 3% of the total mass of the electrolyte 1-phenyl-1- The overcharge safe electrolyte of cyanocyclopentane, lithium-ion batteries were prepared with two kinds of electrolytes, and the overcharge performance was tested with 1C and 10V constant voltage. As a result, the battery without additives deformed, exploded, and caught fire, while the battery with additives Batteries do not explode and do not catch fire.

Embodiment 2

[0021] in an argon-filled glove box (H 2 O4 Soluble in a mixed solvent of EC / DMC / EMC (the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1), in which LiBF 4 The final concentration is 1M, and then the above-mentioned lithium-ion battery electrolyte is divided into two parts, one of which is a control sample without additives, and one is added with 1.5% of the total mass of the electrolyte 1-phenyl-1-cyanide An overcharged safe electrolyte of cyclopentane was used to prepare a lithium-ion battery with two electrolytes, and the battery was charged to 4.2V at 0.2C, then discharged to 2.75V at 0.2C, and the thickness of the battery was tested. It was found that the battery without additive was deformed, and the battery with additive was not expanded and deformed.

Embodiment 3

[0023] in an argon-filled glove box (H 2 O6 Soluble in a mixed solvent of EC / DMC / EMC (the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1), in which LiPF 6 The final concentration of D is 1M, and the type and amount of other functional additives D added are VC, 0.1mol / L. Then the above-mentioned lithium-ion battery electrolyte is divided into two parts, one of which is a comparison sample without adding an overcharge safety additive C, and one is an overcharge safety additive 2-phenyl-2 that accounts for 3% of the total mass of the electrolyte. -Cyano-perfluorinated overcharged safe electrolytes for propane were used to prepare lithium-ion batteries with two electrolytes, and the overcharged performance was tested with 1C and 10V constant voltage. The results showed that the batteries without overcharged safety additives were deformed, exploded, Fire, but the battery with overcharged safety additives does not explode and does not catch fire.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolyte solution capable of improving over-charge safety performance of a lithium battery, which comprises following four types of components: (A) lithium salt, (B) organic solvent of carbonic esters and/or ethers, (C) over-charge safety additive and (D) other functional additives, wherein the composition of the solution can be written into A+B+C+D; the molar concentration range of the (A) lithium salt in the electrolyte solution is 0.001-2 mole/L; the mass ratio range of the (C) over-charge additive in the electrolyte solution is 0.01-30%, the molar concentration range of the (D) other functional additives in the electrolyte solution is 0-0.5 mole /L. The electrolyte solution can be applied to a lithium primary battery, a lithium secondary battery and a lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolyte solution capable of improving the overcharge safety performance of a lithium battery, belonging to the technical field of materials. Background technique [0002] Due to the significant advantages of high specific energy and high specific power, lithium-ion batteries are considered to be the most promising power battery system. At present, the most important obstacle restricting the application of large-capacity lithium-ion power batteries is the safety of batteries, among which overcharging is one of the most dangerous factors that cause unsafe behavior of lithium-ion batteries. [0003] When the lithium-ion battery is overcharged, because the battery voltage rises rapidly with the increase of polarization, it will inevitably cause irreversible changes in the structure of the positive electrode active material and oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte, which will generate a large amount of gas and release a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/056H01M6/16
Inventor 李立飞袁杰袁翔云赵世勇王一明郭军
Owner ZHANGJIAGANG GUOTAI HUARONG NEW CHEM MATERIALS CO LTD
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