Laser mig composite surfacing method for iron or nickel based materials based on beam scanning

A technology of beam scanning and laser scanning, which is applied to laser welding equipment, welding equipment, manufacturing tools, etc., can solve problems such as poor fusion, low welding heat input, and low welding efficiency, so as to improve reliability and stability and improve welding efficiency. Seam forming, arc stability improvement effect

Active Publication Date: 2016-05-25
HARBIN WELDING INST LTD
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  • Description
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Problems solved by technology

Compared with TIG welding, although GMAW arc welding has higher welding efficiency, GMAW arc welding has not been able to be used for high-purity materials such as stainless steel and nickel-based alloys that require a high degree of weld seam cleanliness (such as in the field of nuclear power manufacturing). Welding, there are two main reasons: First, whether it is CO 2 Gas shielded welding or MAG welding (MAG welding usually adds a small amount of CO to inert gas 2 or O 2 ), when welding high-performance metal materials such as stainless steel and nickel-based alloys, the oxidizing gas CO added to the shielding gas 2 or O 2 It will lead to the increase of impurities such as C and O in the weld metal, which seriously affects the metallurgical properties of the weld metal, so CO 2 Gas shielded welding and MAG welding cannot be used in the manufacture of nuclear power equipment, aerospace and other high-end products that require extremely high metallurgical performance; When using a base alloy, due to the lack of oxidizing gas in the shielding gas and the lack of oxides in the molten pool, the cathode spot of the arc (using DC reverse connection) is difficult to fix, and it drifts continuously with the welding process, which is manifested as arc drifting , Stiffness is insufficient, and the welding process is extremely unstable, so MIG welding cannot be used for welding metal materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and nickel-based alloys. The TIG wire-filled welding method with low welding efficiency is still widely used. Because TIG wire-filled welding is protected by pure Ar, the weld metal has a high degree of cleanliness and good metallurgical quality, but its biggest welding technology problem is low welding production efficiency, especially in When it comes to large-area surfacing welding of the above-mentioned high-purity metal materials and multi-layer and multi-pass filling welding of thick plates, the technical disadvantage of low welding efficiency of TIG filler wire welding will seriously affect the manufacturing cycle of the workpiece
[0003] Traditionally, the advanced "cold metal transition arc" (CMT for short) with good arc stability and low welding heat input is adopted, which is a GMAW with precise waveform control Arc), using the interaction between the laser and the arc, solved the technical problem that the CMT arc could not weld stainless steel and nickel-based alloys stably under the protective atmosphere of inert gas
However, this invention is only applicable to advanced CMT arcs, especially in the welding of single-layer single-pass welds, and it is easy to appear at the overlapping position of weld seams in surfacing welding and multi-layer multi-pass welding of thick plates. poor fusion defect
In addition, if the CMT arc is replaced by an ordinary MIG arc, that is to say, the welding of stainless steel and nickel-based alloys is performed by laser-MIG arc hybrid welding, although the stability of the arc is much better than that of a single MIG arc. Improvement, but the formation of the weld is still not good enough, mainly reflected in the poor spreadability of the weld toe position

Method used

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  • Laser mig composite surfacing method for iron or nickel based materials based on beam scanning
  • Laser mig composite surfacing method for iron or nickel based materials based on beam scanning
  • Laser mig composite surfacing method for iron or nickel based materials based on beam scanning

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] A laser MIG composite surfacing welding method for iron or nickel-based materials based on beam scanning, the method includes: combining a laser beam scanned along a certain trajectory with an inert gas-protected MIG arc to weld iron-based and nickel-based metal materials, reasonable Matching laser power, scanning frequency, and laser swing can make the laser scanning area of ​​the workpiece to be welded close to or reach the melting state, thereby realizing the preheating effect on the welding track in advance. , elliptical, rectangular or zigzag path to scan, the laser scanning function is realized by a group or two groups of mirrors integrated in the laser welding torch and driven by a motor, the mirror can follow the above track and a certain swing within a certain frequency range The swing is realized by the swing, so that the scanning of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece is realized, and then the welding is realized.

Embodiment 2

[0022]According to the iron or nickel-based material laser MIG composite surfacing method based on beam scanning described in Example 1, the composite method adopts paraxial composite, the laser is in front, the arc is behind, and the distance between the light filaments is 1 to 10mm. The laser beam can be scanned along a circular, elliptical, rectangular or zigzag path, the laser power is ≥500W, the laser scanning frequency is 2-500HZ, and the laser beam swing A is 1 / Within the range of 3B to B, B is the weld width.

Embodiment 3

[0024] According to the beam scanning-based iron or nickel-based material laser MIG composite surfacing method described in embodiment 1 or 2, the welding current in the beam scanning-based iron-based or nickel-based material laser-MIG composite surfacing process is 30~ 300A, welding speed 0.2 ~ 2.0m / min, the input laser power needs to match the welding speed, the laser power ≥ 500W, after matching with the welding speed, ensure that the laser scanning area on the surface of the surfacing workpiece is close to or reaches the melting state, In order to achieve the purpose of preheating the track of the surfacing welding bead, so as to realize the good spreading of the molten pool metal in the preheating area.

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Abstract

The invention relates to an iron-based or nickel-based material laser MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) composite surfacing method on the basis of light beam scanning. Currently, MIG cannot be used for welding of metal materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and the like, and thus, in the stainless steel and nickel-based alloy welding manufacturing process of high-end equipment in the fields of nuclear power and the like, a wire filling welding method with low welding efficiency is still commonly adopted. The method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that a laser beam scanning along a certain track is compounded with an electric arc protected by inert gas to carry out welding of an iron-based or nickel-based material; a laser scanning region of a welded workpiece can be enabled to be close to or reach a molten state by reasonably matching laser power, a scanning frequency and laser swing, so that an effect of preheating a welding bead track in advance is implemented; the laser beam can scan along a round, oval, rectangular or sawtooth-shaped path in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction and swing along a certain track so as to implement welding. The iron-based or nickel-based material laser MIG composite surfacing method is used for iron-based or nickel-based material laser MIG composite surfacing on the basis of the light beam scanning.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a laser MIG composite surfacing welding method for iron or nickel-based materials based on beam scanning. Background technique: [0002] Shielded Arc Welding (Shielded Arc Welding) is still the most widely used and most common type of welding process in the industrial field, among which tungsten inert gas arc welding (TIG) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW) are the most commonly used Two methods of gas shielded arc welding. Compared with the TIG welding process, the GMAW welding process has typical technical advantages such as fast welding speed and high filling efficiency, and is a more efficient arc welding process. According to the type of shielding gas, GMAW arc welding can be divided into CO 2 Gas shielded welding, metal arc welding with inert gas (MIG) and mixed gas metal arc welding (MAG). Compared with TIG welding, although GMAW arc welding has higher welding efficiency, GMAW arc welding has not been able to be used f...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B23K28/02
CPCB23K26/342B23K26/348B23K33/00
Inventor王旭友黄瑞生王小朋雷振王威林尚扬
OwnerHARBIN WELDING INST LTD