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Fertilisation independent fruit formation in tomato

a fertilisation independent, tomato technology, applied in the field of plants and plant parts, can solve the problems of fragmentary knowledge of physiological and molecular events which play a role in the initial steps of fruit formation, poor fruit set, yield loss, etc., and achieve the effect of improving fertilisation independent fruit formation without negative pleiotropic effects on the growth and development of the plan

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-07-25
RIJK ZWAAN ZAADTEELT & ZAADHANDEL BV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0018]It is the object of the present invention to provide tomato mutants that may show fertilisation independent fruit formation. It is a further objective of the present invention to improve the fertilisation independent fruit formation without negative pleiotropic effects on the growth and development of the plant.

Problems solved by technology

Such conditions can be detrimental for normal pollination and thereby fertilisation which leads to poor fruit set and as a consequence yield loss.
The knowledge of the physiological and molecular events which play a role in the initial steps of fruit formation, however, is fragmentary.
Although the application of auxin and gibberellin has some practical value it increases costs and it may lead to irregularities in fruit shape.
In addition, the hierarchy of these hormones as well as the downstream regulatory network is still largely unknown.
Therefore, the pat mutant has not been implemented in commercial breeding for the development of parthenocarpic varieties.
A number of these approaches interfere with auxin homeostasis or signalling.
Furthermore, the downregulation of the so-called AUCSIA genes results in parthenocarpic outgrowth of the fruits.
Transgenic interference with gibberellin signalling can also result in parthenocarpy.
In many cases, however, the resulting plant shows pleiotropic effects which seems obvious when interfering with hormone function.

Method used

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  • Fertilisation independent fruit formation in tomato
  • Fertilisation independent fruit formation in tomato
  • Fertilisation independent fruit formation in tomato

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0094]Genetic Modification of Tomato by Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (ems)

[0095]Seeds of the tomato breeding line TR306 were treated with ems by submergence of approximately 10,000 seeds into an aerated solution of 0.5% (w / v) ems during 24 hours at room temperature.

[0096]The treated seeds were germinated and the resulting plants were grown in a greenhouse to produce M2 seeds.

[0097]After maturation, M2 seeds were harvested and bulked in one pool. The resulting pool of M2 seeds was used as starting material to identify the individual M2 plants containing fertilisation independent fruit formation.

[0098]The efficacy of the genetic modification procedure was assessed by determining the occurrence of bleached plants, which is indicative for chlorophyll loss due to modifications in genes directly or indirectly involved in the formation or accumulation of chlorophyll.

example 2

[0099]Identification of Tomato Plants which have Obtained the Trait of Fertilisation Independent Fruit Formation

[0100]M2 tomato seeds were germinated in soil and grown to small plantlets. Subsequently, approximately 7000 randomly chosen plants were transferred to a greenhouse in which they were raised according to common tomato cultivation practice. After the first two trusses of each plant have set fruit, all flowers of the third truss were emasculated by hand in order to prevent pollination. The plants were monitored on a regular basis in order to determine which mutants show fertilisation independent fruit formation. The first criterion was the formation of a fruit of a size similar to a normal seeded fruit growing on the same plant as a consequence of pollination and fertilisation. As a second criterion, the fruits were selected which contained no seeds and which were normally filled with jelly. On the basis of these criteria 3 parthenocarpic mutants numbered 3475, 5364 and 5879...

example 3

[0101]Confirmation of the Fertilisation Independent Fruit Formation in Progeny

[0102]M3 seeds were produced through self pollination of selected parthenocarpic mutants numbered 1667, 2019, 3475, 5364, 5879 and 6162. A total of 7 or 12 plants per M3 population were grown in the greenhouse according to common tomato cultivation practice. As a negative control progeny of M2 plants which were not showing parthenocarpic fruit formation was included in this experiment (FIG. 2). On each plant the flowers of the third truss were emasculated by hand and fruit formation was monitored. It was observed that for each plant of the M3 population derived from mutants 1667 (FIG. 3), 2019 (FIG. 4), 3475 (FIG. 5), 5364 (FIG. 7), 5879 (FIG. 9) and 6162 (FIG. 11) the emasculated truss showed parthenocarpic fruit formation, i.e. the fruits showed a normal size, contained no seeds, were normally filled with jelly and showed a normal ripening. This shows that the parthenocarpic trait identified by the metho...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a tomato plant which may comprise the trait fertilization independent fruit formation wherein said trait may be obtainable by introgression from a plant, representative seed of which was deposited with the NCIMB under accession number NCIMB 41626, NCIMB 41627, NCIMB 41628, NCIMB 41629, NCIMB 41630 or NCIMB 41631. Such tomato plant may be obtainable by crossing plants, representative seed of which was deposited with the NCIMB under accession number NCIMB 41626, NCIMB 41627, NCIMB 41628, NCIMB 41629, NCIMB 41630 or NCIMB 41631, with a plant not showing the trait to obtain an FI population; selfing plants from the FI population to obtain an F2 population; preventing pollination of the F2 plants and allowing fruit formation to occur; and selecting plants producing fruits as plants showing fertilization independent fruit formation. The invention further relates to the parthenocarpic fruits, to seeds of the plants and to propagation material of the plant.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part application of international patent application Serial No. PCT / EP2010 / 058741 filed 21 Jun. 2010, which published as PCT Publication No. WO 2010 / 149628 on 29 Dec. 2010, which claims benefit of European patent application Serial No. 09163385.9 filed 22 Jun. 2009.[0002]The foregoing applications, and all documents cited therein or during their prosecution (“appin cited documents”) and all documents cited or referenced in the appin cited documents, and all documents cited or referenced herein (“herein cited documents”), and all documents cited or referenced in herein cited documents, together with any manufacturer's instructions, descriptions, product specifications, and product sheets for any products mentioned herein or in any document incorporated by reference herein, are hereby incorporated herein by reference, and may be employed in the practice of the invention. More specifically, a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H5/08A23L19/00
CPCA01H5/08A01H6/825A01H1/04A01H1/06
Inventor VAN DUN, CORNELIS MARIA PETRUSEGGINK, PIETER MARTIJNDRAGER, DORTHE BETTINA
Owner RIJK ZWAAN ZAADTEELT & ZAADHANDEL BV
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