Method for optimizing variety of carp
A carp and variety technology, applied in fish farming, climate change adaptation, animal husbandry, etc., can solve the problems of declining economic traits and production performance, high inbreeding ratio, population genetic decline, etc., and improve economic traits and production performance. , avoid inbreeding, the effect of breed optimization
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specific Embodiment approach 1
[0007] Specific embodiment one: carp in this embodiment carries out species optimization according to the following steps: one, carry out phenotypic trait selection to individual carp, and the carp that meets the requirements is used as breeding parent; two, detect the genetic information between parents; Breeding grouping, the breeding parents are divided into at least two breeding groups, and the genetic distance between any pair of male and female individuals in each breeding group should be greater than the genetic distance between the three generations of the family; 4. The parents in each breeding group freely mate, that is, Breed-optimized carp.
[0008] In this embodiment, non-quantifiable phenotypic traits such as appearance and body shape can also be selected according to the breeding objective. In this embodiment, phenotypic traits such as body shape, weight, body size, and body color can be selected individually or comprehensively, and comprehensive production trai...
specific Embodiment approach 2
[0011] Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is: the formula for selecting phenotypic traits in step one is: Xn = X ‾ ± 2 S , Xn in the formula is the measured value of the phenotypic traits of the parents, is the mean value of the phenotypic traits of the carp population, and S is the standard deviation of the phenotypic traits of the carp population. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiment 1.
[0012] It can be seen from the selection intensity that 1 times S means the highest selection intensity, 2 times S means the selection intensity is medium, and 3 times S means the selection intensity is the lowest. Therefore, this embodiment will be greater than the average value of phenotypic traits + twice the standard deviation and less than the average value of phenotypic traits. Carp individuals with value-d...
specific Embodiment approach 3
[0013] Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is: step 2 detects the genetic information between the parents: a. extract the breeding parent DNA; b. the breeding parent DNA is carried out PCR amplification respectively with 30 pairs of microsatellite primers Increase; c. Use map analysis software to digitize PCR amplification products; d. Import digital data into kinship analysis software for analysis and calculation to obtain genetic information. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiment 1.
[0014] In this embodiment, the breeding parents whose DNA has been extracted are to be marked, and electronic marking, conventional marking methods (cutting dorsal fins, plastic tubes of different colors and other physical marking methods) or rearing in separate pools can be used. In this embodiment, all 30 pairs of microsatellite primers may not be used, but only some of the microsatellite primers (but must be m...
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