Electrothermal air-blast constant-temperature drying collecting method of tobacco pollens

Abstract

The invention provides an electrothermal air-blast constant-temperature drying collecting method of tobacco pollens. The collecting method comprises specific steps that: during 8:00am to 12:00am or 5:00pm to 6:00pm on a sunny day, flowers of tobacco plants in a post pollen tube growth period are selected and picked; anthers are picked from fresh flowers; the flowers that can not be treated in time are instantly positioned in a low-temperature refrigerator for fresh-keeping cold preservation; collected anthers are dried in an electrothermal air-blast constant-temperature drying cabinet, such that pollens are obtained; impurities are removed from the pollens through sieving; and the pollens are stored under a dry condition in a brown wide-neck flask. According to the invention, existing artificial pollination methods are changed; pollen activity is always controlled at an optimal level; pollen quality is stable; the wasting of male parent flowers in fields is reduced; the dependency on weather during an anther collection procedure is reduced; the male tobacco plantation area is saved; pollination effect and seed yield are improved; and the comprehensive production cost of hybrid seed production is reduced.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for collecting agricultural crop pollen, in particular to a method for collecting tobacco pollen by electric heating blasting and constant temperature drying. Background technique

[0002] In the 1950s, my country had already carried out the utilization of tobacco heterosis and hybrid seed production, but the production promotion and application did not last long due to the poor quality of the bred varieties and the high production cost of hybrid seed production. In the 1970s, after the introduction of the Burley tobacco male sterile variety MSB21 from the United States, the emasculation problem in hybrid seed production was solved, and the utilization of tobacco male sterile hybrids became active again. Up to now, a large number of new varieties of male sterile hybrids such as flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and oriental tobacco have been bred in China (China Tobacco Cultivation. Shanghai Science and Technology Pub...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0021] Embodiment one: the electric blast constant temperature drying collection method of described a kind of tobacco pollen, concrete steps are successively as follows:

[0022] A. For flower picking, choose the flower tube elongation period of the tobacco plant at 8-12 am or 5-6 pm on a sunny day, the flower head is partially swollen, the flower tube mouth is slightly pink, and the corolla is about to open but not yet opened. Late flowers, plucked;

[0023] B. Anther extraction: For the flowers that have just been picked from the field, tear the flower tubes and pick the anthers from the filaments; 24 hours;

[0024] C anther extraction, take stored fresh flowers, tear its flower tube, and pick anthers from filaments;

[0025] D Anther drying, first open the electric heating constant temperature drying oven, set the temperature at 35°C-40°C, preheat for 10-15 minutes; take an appropriate amount of anthers and spread them in a clean appliance and put them in the electric h...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Embodiment 2: In 2010, the pollen of Eyan No. 1, Eyan No. 4 and MSKY8959 were tested respectively at the China Tobacco Enshi Breeding Base, and these three kinds of pollen were dried and pollinated and flowered by the method of implementing No. 1 respectively. The comparison test of flower pollination shows that the average of the three varieties, the seed yield of flower-to-flower pollination method is 4.86kg / mu, and the early production cost of tobacco plants (land lease, seedling raising, fertilizer materials, labor services, etc.) is 3436.37 yuan / mu , the cost of pollination period is 2537.73 yuan / mu, the pollination cost of producing 1kg seed is 533.96 yuan, the production cost of the female parent is 752.59 yuan, the production cost of the male parent is 341.00 yuan, and the comprehensive cost is 1627.56 yuan; the pollen after drying is carried out by the method of implementation one. After pollination, the seed yield is 11.14kg / mu. The initial production cost of t...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for collecting agricultural crop pollen, in particular to a method for collecting tobacco pollen by electric heating blasting and constant temperature drying. Background technique

[0002] In the 1950s, my country had already carried out the utilization of tobacco heterosis and hybrid seed production, but the production promotion and application did not last long due to the poor quality of the bred varieties and the high production cost of hybrid seed production. In the 1970s, after the introduction of the Burley tobacco male sterile variety MSB21 from the United States, the emasculation problem in hybrid seed production was solved, and the utilization of tobacco male sterile hybrids became active again. Up to now, a large number of new varieties of male sterile hybrids such as flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and oriental tobacco have been bred in China (China Tobacco Cultivation. Shanghai Science and Technology Pub...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0021] Embodiment one: the electric blast constant temperature drying collection method of described a kind of tobacco pollen, concrete steps are successively as follows:

[0022] A. For flower picking, choose the flower tube elongation period of the tobacco plant at 8-12 am or 5-6 pm on a sunny day, the flower head is partially swollen, the flower tube mouth is slightly pink, and the corolla is about to open but not yet opened. Late flowers, plucked;

[0023] B. Anther extraction: For the flowers that have just been picked from the field, tear the flower tubes and pick the anthers from the filaments; 24 hours;

[0024] C anther extraction, take stored fresh flowers, tear its flower tube, and pick anthers from filaments;

[0025] D Anther drying, first open the electric heating constant temperature drying oven, set the temperature at 35°C-40°C, preheat for 10-15 minutes; take an appropriate amount of anthers and spread them in a clean appliance and put them in the electric h...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Embodiment 2: In 2010, the pollen of Eyan No. 1, Eyan No. 4 and MSKY8959 were tested respectively at the China Tobacco Enshi Breeding Base, and these three kinds of pollen were dried and pollinated and flowered by the method of implementing No. 1 respectively. The comparison test of flower pollination shows that the average of the three varieties, the seed yield of flower-to-flower pollination method is 4.86kg / mu, and the early production cost of tobacco plants (land lease, seedling raising, fertilizer materials, labor services, etc.) is 3436.37 yuan / mu , the cost of pollination period is 2537.73 yuan / mu, the pollination cost of producing 1kg seed is 533.96 yuan, the production cost of the female parent is 752.59 yuan, the production cost of the male parent is 341.00 yuan, and the comprehensive cost is 1627.56 yuan; the pollen after drying is carried out by the method of implementation one. After pollination, the seed yield is 11.14kg / mu. The initial production cost of t...

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