Improved membrane electrode assemblies for PEM fuel cells

A membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell technology, applied in fuel cells, battery electrodes, solid electrolyte fuel cells, etc., can solve problems such as inappropriateness and affecting the stability and performance of PEM-FCMEA

Active Publication Date: 2013-08-28
格林纳瑞缇有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0029] Altogether, the available prior art indicates that the structure of the iridium-based catalyst and the method used to incorporate it into the electrode strongly influences the stability and performance of the PEM-FC MEA.
It also appears that the different solutions disclosed so far are still not suitable for avoiding or even limiting the electrochemical degradation of MEAs under various harsh operating conditions without compromising the key factors such as electrical conductivity, electrode mass transport properties and / or manufacturability. characteristic

Method used

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  • Improved membrane electrode assemblies for PEM fuel cells

Examples

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example 1

[0098] This example outlines the preparation of an MEA according to the first version of the second embodiment of the invention. The anode layer EL1 contains the iridium oxide catalyst EC1 and the electrocatalyst EC2, while the cathode layer contains the electrocatalyst EC2' (cf. figure 1 ).

[0099] a) Preparation of anode catalyst ink : A round bottom flask containing 33.5 g of the ionomer component ( D83-20B, 20wt.-% ionomer in water; Solvay-Solexis S.p.a.), 25.13g solvent 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (diacetone alcohol , Merck (MERCK)) and a mixture of 25.13 g of the solvent tert-butanol (Merck) and heated at 60° C. for 1 hour. Allow the mixture to cool to room temperature and transfer to a stainless steel vessel with a mixer equipped with a mechanical stirrer. An additional amount of solvent 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (7.73 g) was then added while maintaining gentle stirring of the mixture.

[0100] Subsequently, 7.41 g of electrocatalyst EC2 (20 wt.-% Pt / C, ...

example 2

[0126] This example illustrates the preparation of an MEA according to the second version of the second embodiment of the invention. The anode layer EL2 comprises an iridium-free Pt / C electrocatalyst EC2', while the cathode layer EL1 comprises a combination of iridium oxide-catalyst EC1 and electrocatalyst EC2 (cf. figure 1 ).

[0127] a) Preparation of cathode catalyst ink : A round bottom flask containing 26.0 g of the ionomer component ( D83-20B, 20wt.-% ionomer in water; Solvay-Solex Limited) and 19.5g of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and 19.5g of tert-butanol and at 60° C for 1 hour. An additional amount of 24.0 g of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone was then added while maintaining gentle stirring of the mixture. Subsequently, 10.6 g of electrocatalyst EC2 (40 wt.-% Pt / C, Umicore, Hanau) and 0.53 g of electrocatalyst EC1 ( ;87wt.-%IrO 2 / TiO 2 ; Umicore AG, Hanau). The amount of EC1 in the total catalyst mixture (EC1+EC2) is 4.8 wt.-%. The total catalyst / ionome...

example 3

[0150] This example outlines the preparation of an MEA according to the first version of the first embodiment of the invention. Both electrode layers, the anode layer EL1 and the cathode layer EL2, contain the iridium-catalyst EC1. In addition, a second electrocatalyst EC2 is contained in the anode layer and a second electrocatalyst EC2' is coated in the cathode layer (see figure 1 ).

[0151] a) Preparation of anode catalyst ink : A round bottom flask containing 33.5 g of the ionomer component ( D83-20B, 20wt.-% ionomer; Solvay-Solex Limited), 25.13g solvent 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (diacetone alcohol, Merck & Co.) and 25.13g Solvent mixture of tert-butanol (Merck & Co.) and heated at 60 °C for 1 h. Allow the mixture to cool to room temperature and transfer to a stainless steel vessel with a mixer equipped with a mechanical stirrer. An additional amount of solvent 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (7.73 g) was then added while maintaining gentle stirring of the mixt...

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Abstract

The invention relates to Membrane Electrode Assemblies ("MEAs") for solid- polymer-electrolyte proton-conducting membrane fuel cells ("PEM-FCs") having better performance and improved durability, in particular when operated under severe electro-chemical conditions such as fuel starvation and start-up / shut-down cycling. The MEAs are characterized in that at least one of its two electrode layers (EL and / or EL2) contains a first electrocatalyst (EC1) comprising an iridium oxide component in combination with at least one other inorganic oxide component anda second electrocatalyst (EC2 / EC2'), which is free from iridium. Preferably, an iridium oxide / titania catalyst is employed as EC1. The MEAs reveal better performance, in particular when operated under severe operating conditions such as fuel starvation and start-up / shut-down cycling.

Description

field of invention [0001] The present invention relates to membrane electrode assemblies ("MEAs") for solid-polymer-electrolyte proton-conducting membrane fuel cells ("PEM-FCs") having better performance and improved durability, especially when operating under a variety of harsh electrochemical conditions. Background of the invention [0002] Fuel cells (FCs) are electrochemical devices for generating electricity that are used or are commercially foreseen for a variety of different applications including, for example, automotive powertrains, stationary units for residential heating, onboard auxiliary power units, portable electronics, remote or Portable spare units, etc. [0003] A PEM fuel cell (PEM-FC) is more specifically a fuel cell comprising a solid-polymer-electrolyte membrane (hereinafter referred to as "membrane" for convenience), such as a proton-conducting perfluorosulfonic acid membrane or a hydrocarbon acid membrane) fuel cell. A PEM fuel cell also includes a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M4/92H01M8/10
CPCH01M4/8647H01M4/9016H01M4/921H01M4/923H01M4/925H01M8/1011H01M8/1007Y02E60/50H01M4/90H01M4/92H01M4/86H01M8/10H01M2008/1095H01M4/8657
Inventor J-P·苏驰兰德M·宾德N·萨多纳
Owner 格林纳瑞缇有限公司
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