247 results about "Iridium oxide" patented technology

Provided is a microfabricated reference electrode of an implantable continuous biosensor, a manufacturing method thereof and an implantable continuous glucose sensor using the same, providing the reference electrode of the implantable continuous biosensor comprising a metal film for an electrode formed on a dielectric substrate, and an iridium oxide film formed on the metal film for the electrode; and a manufacturing method thereof, whereby, the iridium oxide film reference electrode has a simplified manufacturing process and can employ a semiconductor batch process.

In a process of fabricating a stent composed primarily of niobium alloyed with a trace amount of zirconium, tantalum, or titanium for hardening, the stent is annealed under vacuum in a substantially oxygen-free environment. The vacuum is preferably maintained at pressure less than 10−4 millibars, oxygen-content less than about 80 parts per million, and the annealing temperature exceeds 400° C. for at least one hour, and is preferably kept in a range from about 1100–1200° C. for several hours. This may be followed by applying a surface layer of oxide, such as iridium oxide, with a thickness of 299–300 nm to the stent.

Iridium oxide (IrOx) nanowires and a method forming the nanowires are provided. The method comprises: providing a growth promotion film with non-continuous surfaces, having a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 5 nanometers (nm), and made from a material such as Ti, Co, Ni, Au, Ta, polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), SiGe, Pt, Ir, TiN, or TaN; establishing a substrate temperature in the range of 200 to 600 degrees C.; introducing oxygen as a precursor reaction gas; introducing a (methylcyclopentadienyl)(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium(I) precursor; using a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process, growing IrOx nanowires from the growth promotion film surfaces. The IrOx nanowires have a diameter in the range of 100 to 1000 Å, a length in the range of 1000 Å to 2 microns, an aspect ratio (length to width) of greater than 50:1. Further, the nanowires include single-crystal nanowire cores covered with an amorphous layer having a thickness of less than 10 Å.

An iridium oxide (IrOx) nanowire protein sensor and associated fabrication method are presented. The method provides a substrate and forms overlying working and counter electrodes. A dielectric layer is deposited over the working and counter electrodes and contact holes are formed in the dielectric layer, exposing regions of the working and counter electrodes. IrOx nanowires (where 0≦X≦2) are grown from exposed regions of the working electrode. In one aspect, the IrOx nanowires are additionally grown on the dielectric, and subsequently etched from the dielectric. In another aspect, IrOx nanowires are grown from exposed regions of the counter electrode.

A vascular or endoluminal stent is adapted to be implanted in a vessel, duct or tract of a human body to maintain an open lumen. The stent includes a base layer of a biologically compatible metal. An intermediate metal particle layer of substantial greater radiopacity overlies the base layer, with particles bonded to the base layer and to each other to leave interstices therebetween as a repository for retaining and dispensing drugs or other agents for time release therefrom. The particles are composed primarily of a noble metal. Exposed surfaces of the particle layer are coated with ceramic-like iridium oxide or titanium nitrate, as a biocompatible material to inhibit irritation of tissue at the inner lining of the vessel when the stent is implanted.

The invention is directed to iridium oxide based catalysts for use as anode catalysts in PEM water electrolysis. The claimed composite catalyst materials comprise iridium oxide (IrO2) and optionally ruthenium oxide (RuO2) in combination with a high surface area inorganic oxide (for example TiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2 and mixtures thereof). The inorganic oxide has a BET surface area in the range of 50 to 400 m2 / g, a water solubility of lower than 0.15 g / l and is present in a quantity of less than 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst. The claimed catalyst materials are characterised by a low oxygen overvoltage and long lifetime in water electrolysis. The catalysts are used in electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes and membrane-electrode-assemblies for PEM electrolyzers as well as in regenerative fuel cells (RFC), sensors, and other electrochemical devices.

A method is provided for forming iridium oxide (IrOx) nanotubes. The method comprises: providing a substrate; introducing a (methylcyclopentadienyl)(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium(I) precursor; introducing oxygen as a precursor reaction gas; establishing a final pressure in the range of 1 to 50 Torr; establishing a substrate, or chamber temperature in the range of 200 to 500 degrees C.; and using a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process, growing IrOx hollow nanotubes from the substrate surface. Typically, the (methylcyclopentadienyl)(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium(I) precursor is initially heated in an ampule to a first temperature in the range of 60 to 90 degrees C., and the first temperature is maintained in the transport line introducing the precursor. The precursor may be mixed with an inert carrier gas such as Ar, or the oxygen precursor reaction gas may be used as the carrier.

An optical device with an iridium oxide (IrOx) electrode neural interface, and a corresponding fabrication method are provided. The method provides a substrate and forms a first conductive electrode overlying the substrate. A photovoltaic device having a first electrical interface is connected to the first electrode. A second electrical interface of the photovoltaic device is connected to a second conductive electrode formed overlying the photovoltaic device. An array of neural interface single-crystal IrOx nanostructures are formed overlying the second electrode, where x≦4. The IrOx nanostructures can be partially coated with an electrical insulator, such as SiO2, SiN, TiO2, or spin on glass (SOG), leaving the IrOx distal ends exposed. In one aspect, a buffer layer is formed overlying the second electrode surface, made from a material such as LiNbO3, LiTaO3, or SA, for the purpose of orienting the growth direction of the IrOx nanostructures.

The invention provides a Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs nitrogen-containing graphitized carbon material. A preparation method of the Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs nitrogen-containing graphitized carbon material comprises that S1, 2-aminoterephthalic acid, an iron salt and a nickel salt are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide and undergo a solvothermal reaction, then the mixed solution is centrifuged, and the centrifuged product is washed, dried and activated to form a Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs precursor, and S2, the Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs is calcined in inert gas to form the Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs nitrogen-containing graphitized carbon material. The invention provides the porous carbon material having a high specific surface area, rich metal nitrogen structures and a high graphitization degree. The Ni / Fe bimetal-containing MOFs nitrogen-containing graphitized carbon material has good material activity, stable performances and a low price and utilizes double non-noble metals. Compared with the commercial ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide, the product has excellent water electrolysis oxygen evolution activity and has a great application prospect in energy storage materials.

The present invention provides a pH sensing apparatus that includes a flexible polymer substrate, one or more amorphous iridium oxide film sensor electrodes disposed on the flexible polymer substrate, and a reference electrode corresponding to each amorphous iridium oxide film sensor electrode. Each reference electrode is disposed on the flexible polymer substrate in close proximity to the corresponding amorphous iridium oxide film sensor electrode. The amorphous iridium oxide film sensor electrodes provide a potential in reference to the reference electrodes that varies according to a pH of a substance contacting the amorphous iridium oxide film sensor electrodes and the reference electrodes.

An iridium oxide (IrOx) nanowire neural sensor array and associated fabrication method are provided. The method provides a substrate with a conductive layer overlying the substrate, and a dielectric layer overlying the conductive layer. The substrate can be a material such as Si, SiO2, quartz, glass, or polyimide, and the conductive layer is a material such as ITO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2, doped ITO, doped SnO2, doped ZnO, doped TiO2, TiN, TaN, Au, Pt, or Ir. The dielectric layer is selectively wet etched, forming contact holes with sloped walls in the dielectric layer and exposing regions of the conductive layer. IrOx nanowire neural interfaces are grown from the exposed regions of the conductive layer. The IrOx nanowire neural interfaces each have a cross-section in a range of 0.5 to 10 micrometers, and may be shaped as a circle, rectangle, or oval.

An implantable electrode and method for manufacturing the electrode wherein the electrode has a strong, adherent surface coating of iridium oxide or titanium nitride on a platinum surface, which demonstrates an increase in surface area of at least five times when compared to smooth platinum of the same geometry. The iridium oxide coating may be formed on platinum by a physical deposition process, such as sputtering. The process of electroplating the iridium oxide surface coating is accomplished by voltage control processes. A gradient coating of iridium oxide ranging in composition from essentially pure platinum to essentially pure iridium oxide is produced by sputtering.

The invention provides a composite catalyst of a self-humidifying fuel cell and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The composite catalyst is prepared by depositing water-retaining substance and metallic oxide together on a carbon carrier to obtain a composite carrier, and then bearing noble metal on the composite carrier by using a high-pressure organosol method or microwave-aided high-pressure organosol method. The water-retaining substance is silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide or tungsten trioxide, the metallic oxide is ruthenium oxide or iridium oxide, and the noble metal is platinum, platinum ruthenium or platinum palladium. In the invention, by adding the metallic oxide, the performance of the catalyst can be improved effectively; the catalyst is used directly, and a membrane electrode is manufactured by a spray coating method which not only can obtain a membrane electrode with good moisture retention, but also improves the performance of the membrane electrode by over 20% in comparison with the membrane electrode manufactured by using the catalyst without metallic oxide. The manufacturing method provided by the invention is simple, does not need special equipment and can realize large-scale production of the catalysts.

The invention discloses a fuel cell anti-reversal catalyst and a preparation method thereof, wherein the catalyst comprises an iridium oxide composite niobium doped titanium dioxide nano catalyst, andniobium doped titanium dioxide is a carrier. According to the technical scheme, the catalyst capable of effectively relieving carbon carrier corrosion and platinum particle agglomeration growth during fuel cell anode side reversal generation can be obtained, so that the fuel cell anti-reversal time is prolonged.

The invention provides electro-catalyst compositions for an anode electrode of a proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis system. The compositions include a noble metal component selected from the group consisting of iridium oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide and mixtures thereof, and a non-noble metal component selected from the group consisting of tantalum oxide, tin oxide, niobium oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, yttrium oxide, scandium oxide, cooper oxide, zirconium oxide, nickel oxide and mixtures thereof. Further, the non-noble metal component can include a dopant. The dopant can be at least one element selected from Groups III, V, VI and VII of the Periodic Table. The compositions can be prepared using a surfactant approach or a sol gel approach. Further, the compositions are prepared using noble metal and non-noble metal precursors. Furthermore, a thin film containing the compositions can be deposited onto a substrate to form the anode electrode.

The invention discloses silica doped modified insoluble iridium oxide anode and preparation method thereof, wherein the silica doped modified insoluble iridium oxide anode comprises a titanium base body and a layer of iridium oxide active coating doped with silica nano constituent coated on the surface of the titanium base body. The preparation method is simple. The grain of the SiO2 doped modified insoluble iridium oxide anode coatings is fine and the coatings is in porosity characteristic. The oxygen evolution electrocatalysis of anode is high and the service life of the anode is longer. The SiO2 is used for replacing the large amount of noble metal oxide, thus the preparation and use cost of the anode is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a titanium mesh anode for an electrodeposited nickel, which consists of a titanium coated copper conducting bar, a titanium plate support welded below the titanium coated copper conducting bar, and two titanium meshes welded onto the two sides of the titanium plate support, wherein the surfaces of both the titanium meshes are covered with metallic oxide coatings; the metallic oxide coating consists of platinum group metallic oxide and valve metallic oxide; the molar ratio of the platinum group metal and the valve metal is 1 to 2:1 to 3; 10 to 50g platinum group metal is contained in the titanium mesh per square meter; the platinum group metallic oxide is iridium oxide and / or ruthenium dioxide; and the valve metallic oxide is or several of titanium dioxide, tantalum pentoxide and zirconium dioxide. The invention also provides a preparing method for the titanium mesh anode. Compared with the conventional lead-base alloy anode, the titanium mesh anode has light weight, low oxygen evolution potential and long service life, can prevent the titanium meshes from being dissolved, and can improve the quality of the cathode products.

The invention discloses a making method of a platinum iridium oxide alloy electrode. The method includes the following steps: heating and stirring a platinum salt and sodium nitrate mixed solution to 55-65DEG C, carrying out evaporating crystallization, drying, grinding, calcining to obtain a mixture, washing the mixture by water to remove impurities, carrying out full wet grinding, and dispersing the wet ground mixture in a solvent to obtain a platinum dioxide solution; dispersing an iridium salt in the solvent, adding the platinum dioxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 14 by using sodium hydroxide, and dissolving and dispersing to obtain a coating solution; and coating a titanium plate with the coating solution, drying, calcining at 400-700DEG C, and cooling in air to obtain the platinum iridium oxide alloy electrode. The above platinum iridium oxide titanium anode electrocatalysis material prepared in the invention has the characteristics of fine crystsal grains and honeycomb shape; and the anodic chlorine evolution electrocatalytic activity is high, and the service life is long, so the electrode is suitable for preparing electrolyzed oxidizing water, and the use cost is reduced.

The invention provides electro-catalyst compositions for an anode electrode of an acid mediated proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis system. The compositions include a noble metal component selected from the group consisting of iridium oxide, ruthenium oxide, rhenium oxide and mixtures thereof, and a non-noble metal component selected from the group consisting of tantalum oxide, tin oxide, niobium oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, yttrium oxide, scandium oxide, cooper oxide, zirconium oxide, nickel oxide and mixtures thereof. Further, the non-noble metal component can include a dopant. The dopant can be at least one element selected from Groups III, V, VI and VII of the Periodic Table. The compositions can be prepared using any solution based methods involving a surfactant approach or a sol gel approach. Further, the compositions are prepared using noble metal and non-noble metal precursors. Furthermore, a thin film containing the compositions can be deposited onto a substrate to form the anode electrode.

An iridium oxide (IrOx) nanowire neural sensor array and associated fabrication method are provided. The method provides a substrate with a conductive layer overlying the substrate, and a dielectric layer overlying the conductive layer. The substrate can be a material such as Si, SiO2, quartz, glass, or polyimide, and the conductive layer is a material such as ITO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2, doped ITO, doped SnO2, doped ZnO, doped TiO2, TiN, TaN, Au, Pt, or Ir. The dielectric layer is selectively wet etched, forming contact holes with sloped walls in the dielectric layer and exposing regions of the conductive layer. IrOx nanowire neural interfaces are grown from the exposed regions of the conductive layer. The IrOx nanowire neural interfaces each have a cross-section in a range of 0.5 to 10 micrometers, and may be shaped as a circle, rectangle, or oval.

The invention discloses a hydrated-structured SnO2 (stannic oxide) / IrO2 (iridium oxide) xH2O oxide film electrode material, which comprises a substrate and a SnO2 / IrO2 xH2O oxide film, wherein the SnO2 / IrO2 xH2O oxide film is deposited on the surface of the substrate and is of a hydrated structure, the molar ratio of Sn (stannum) to Ir (iridium) of the oxide film is 30-70:70-30, and the x ranges from 0.2 to 3. The hydrated-structured SnO2 / IrO2 xH2O oxide film electrode material can be used for preparing high-quality electrochemical capacitors. Additionally, the film electrode material is simple in preparation process, practical and suitable for industrial production and application.

The invention discloses a composite coating electrode and a preparing method thereof and an electrolytic cell. The composite coating electrode comprises a conductive matrix and an electro-catalysis coating. The electro-catalysis coating is composed of ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, tantalum pentoxide and titanium oxide. The electrolytic cell comprises an electrolyte, an anode, a cathode and a power source. The anode is coated with the electro-catalysis coating composed of the ruthenium oxide, the iridium oxide, the tantalum pentoxide and the titanium oxide. The preparing method of the composite coating electrode comprises the following steps that the pretreated electrode is coated with three kinds of coating liquid in sequence, and heat treatment is carried out every time coating is conducted. The composite coating electrode is long in service life, the voltage of the electrolytic cell is effectively reduced and the current efficiency is effectively improved through the electro-catalysis coating used in the composite coating electrode, and the oxygen content of generated hydrogen which is an electrolysis side product is low; meanwhile, the hydrogen can be recycled, and good application prospects are achieved.

The invention provides an integrated micro-nano sensor for detecting three parameters including the pH value, conductivity and temperature in water and a manufacturing method of the integrated micro-nano sensor. The sensor comprises a silicon substrate (14) and a glass substrate (10) which are bonded together; the silicon substrate (14) is provided with a temperature sensor (1), a pH value sensor(2) and a conductivity sensor (3); the pH value sensor (2) comprises an iridium / iridium oxide working electrode (5) and a platinum counter electrode (6) which are distributed in an inner circular ringand in an outer circular ring; the bottom of the pH value sensor (2) is provided with a downward open cavity, the downward open cavity and the glass substrate (10) form a potassium chloride saturatedsolution liquid storage cavity (12), and the top wall of the liquid storage cavity (12) is provided with a nano-scale conical micropore (9) array channel; the glass substrate (10) is provided with aliquid injection hole (13), and a sealant is arranged; a platinum electrode lead (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the glass substrate (10), and a silver / silver chloride reference electrode layer (7) is arranged at the tail end of the glass substrate (10); the three parameters at the same site in a water environment can be measured.

The invention relates to an iridium oxide electrode and the method for preparing the same, belonging to the field of electrochemical technique. Said electrode is especially suitable for nerve electrographic recording and nerve electric stimulation and pH sensor. There is one insulating layer in the iridium oxide electrode, at least one electrode core is packed inside; at least one end of said electrode core is on the electric conductor, the outer surface of metallic iridium or non-iridium is deposited, and the electric conductor surface is regenerative iridium oxide. One end is connected with wire and the iridium oxide surface is out of insulating layer. The process of electrochemical activation to generate iridium oxide surface comprises following steps: a. pre-treating electrode; b. putting electrode into activating solution for treatment; c. depolarizing activation electrode through reference electrode and auxiliary electrode. The iridium oxide electrode is characterized by safety, reliability, high sensitivity, practical, wide application, fast, controllable and high efficient production method.

An anode catalyst suitable for use in an electrolyzer. The anode catalyst includes a support and a plurality of catalyst particles disposed on the support. The support may include a plurality of metal oxide or doped metal oxide particles. The catalyst particles, which may be iridium, iridium oxide, ruthenium, ruthenium oxide, platinum, and / or platinum black particles, may be arranged to form one or more aggregations of catalyst particles on the support. Each of the aggregations of catalyst particles may include at least 10 particles, wherein each of the at least 10 particles is in physical contact with at least one other particle. The support particles and their associated catalyst particles may be dispersed in a binder.

The invention provides a titanium anode plate with a precious metal combination coating. The titanium anode plate is provided with titanium base materials. The surface of the titanium base materials is orderly coated with a ruthenium oxide coating, a mixing coating of molybdenum oxide, tantalum oxide and titanium oxide, and a mixing coating of iridium oxide and palladium oxide. The titanium anode plate provided by the invention solves the anode corrosion problem in a mixing system of chloride and sulfate, prolongs the service life of a titanium anode, and is suitable for producing metal materials, such as nickel, cobalt, copper, and the like through hydrometallurgy electrolysis.

A method is provided for patterning iridium oxide (IrOx) nanostructures. The method comprises: forming a substrate first region adjacent a second region; growing IrOx nanostructures from a continuous IrOx film overlying the first region; simultaneously growing IrOx nanostructures from a non-continuous IrOx film overlying the second region; selectively etching areas of the second region exposed by the non-continuous IrOx film; and, lifting off the IrOx nanostructures overlying the second region. Typically, the first region is formed from a first material and the second region from a second material, different than the first material. For example, the first material can be a refractory metal, or refractory metal oxide. The second material can be SiOx. The step of selectively etching areas of the second region exposed by the non-continuous IrOx film includes exposing the substrate to an etchant that is more reactive with the second material than the IrOx.

The invention discloses a high-tech health-care titanium ceramic material. The material consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 2 percent of titanium oxide, 84.572 to 87.605 percent of zirconium oxide, 4.622 to 4.758 percent of iridium oxide, 1.962 to 2.088 percent of aluminum oxide, 2.156 to 2.463 percent of silicon oxide, 1.716 to 2.364 percent of hafnium oxide, 0.132 to 0.206 percent of magnesium oxide and 1.435 to 1.811 percent of other oxides. Negative ions and far infrared rays produced by the material are far more than those of the ordinary zirconium oxide ceramic product and the metabolism and blood circulation of a human body are promoted.

A conductive oxide solid formed through an electrochemical process. The resulting solid predominantly contains oxides of the highest oxidation state. Additionally, the solid can be thick, uniform, stable across a wide range of acidity and temperature, fully hydrated, and conductive with a very low redox potential. A preferred embodiment is an iridium solid formed at high temperature in molten carbonate, said solid containing intercalated lithium. The solid has application as an electrode with reduced drift. An electrochemical acidity sensor is disclosed which pairs an electrode bearing the solid with a reference electrode. Additionally, sensor apparatuses for measuring carbon dioxide and other materials as well as methods for measuring materials using an embedded acidity sensor are disclosed.