A PM2.5 population exposure risk assessment method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for assessing the exposure risk of PM2.5 crowds. The method includes the following steps: step S1, obtaining aerosol optical thickness data from a medium-resolution imaging spectrometer, and using the obtained aerosol optical thickness data and PM2 .5 Construct a regression model from the monitored values ​​to obtain the continuous surface data of PM2.5 concentration; step S2, obtain the excess concentration value of PM2.5 according to the obtained continuous surface data of PM2.5 concentration and the set safety risk threshold; step S3 , use the data of Tencent Yizuo to obtain the proportion of people who sign in in each grid hour by hour; step S4, according to the proportion of people who sign in in each grid hour by hour and the PM2.5 excess concentration value obtained at the corresponding time, get Hourly population PM2.5 excess exposure risk index.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, in particular to a method and device for assessing the risk of PM2.5 crowd exposure. Background technique [0002] The increase in PM2.5 concentration has become an important threat to the health of the population. The average annual death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases caused by it exceeds 1 million, of which China's contribution rate exceeds 30%, which has become a constraint on social sustainability. One of the important factors for the development of PM2.5, scientifically valid PM2.5 exposure assessment is one of the important prerequisites for reducing its health risks. [0003] There are two main types of existing PM2.5 exposure risk assessment methods: single consideration of PM2.5 concentration and comprehensive consideration of PM2.5 concentration and population distribution characteristics. The single consideration of PM2.5 concentr...

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Problems solved by technology

The single consideration of PM2.5 concentration is a method based on PM2.5 concentration as the main reference basis. This method is based on the value of PM2.5 monitoring stations. The scientific assumption is that within a certain range near the monitoring station, there is no heterogeneity in PM2.5 concentration. This method considers that the places with high PM2.5 concentrations are the areas with high PM2.5 exposure risk of the population. Influenced by the PM2.5 value, there is a large error in using a single site to represent the surrounding PM2.5 value. Secondly, the PM2.5 concentration value cannot be equivalent to the PM2.5 population exposure risk. When the population flow is small in the high PM2.5 concentration value area , the population PM2.5 exposure risk in this area is also low; the second category is the population PM2.5 exposure risk assessment method, which overcomes the limitation of single consideration of PM2.5 concentration, which introduces census data, but the census data exists Due to the low spatio-temporal resolution, it is often updated every 3-5 years, with the street as the smallest unit. If one wants to analyze the PM2.5 exposure risk of the crowd in the street within a day, this method cannot provide reliable support

[0004] Therefore, the existing PM2.5 population exposure assessment methods urgently need to overcome three bottlenecks: (1) improve the ability to obtain fine-scale PM2.5 concentrations; Superimpose, carry out the population exposure assessment of PM2.5 under high spatial and temporal resolution; (3) The daily average value of PM2.5 is the main basis, and the daily average value of PM2.5 cannot reflect the hourly change law of PM2.5. In addition, the World Health Organization The 24-hour PM2.5 safety threshold stipulated by the organization is 25 μg / m 3 , even if the daily average value of PM2.5 is less than this safety threshold, the hourly PM2.5 concentration may be higher than this threshold, which leads to an underestimation of the exposure risk of PM2.5 population

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