Electrostatic ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic speaker, sound signal reproducing method, ultra directional acoustic system and display device
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[0077] As described above, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, fixing an area other than the oscillation part of the oscillation film 12 by means of electrostatic force allows a mutual independent characteristic of oscillation holes arranged in the shape of an array (an oscillation area of the oscillation film opposed to the through hole 14 of the fixed electrode) to be improved and influence of distortion to be reduced.
[0078] A value of the direct current voltage applied between the oscillation film 12 and the electrodes for fixing 102 and 112 may be adjusted to adjust electrostatic force to be applied between the electrode layer 121 of the oscillation film 12 and the electrodes for fixing 102 and 112 so that the outer circumference of the film oscillation part of the oscillation film 12 is changed from a fixed end to a free end. This allows the film oscillation to be increased.
Example
Second Embodiment
[0079]FIGS. 3A and 3B show an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention. An example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is an example of arrangement of the electrodes for fixing 102 and 112, which are provided more closely to the oscillation film 12 than the case of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C. Such arrangement allows the direct current voltage necessary to fix the electrodes for fixing 102 and 112 and the oscillation film 12 by means of electrostatic force to be made small.
Example
Third Embodiment
[0080] The electrostatic ultrasonic transducer in accordance with the embodiments of the invention can be achieved not only by a push-pull type electrostatic ultrasonic transducer but also by a pull type electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
[0081]FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D show an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention. FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D show an example of forming a pull type electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
[0082]FIG. 4A shows a whole structure of an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 2. FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4A and shows an example of arrangement of an electrode for oscillation and an electrode for fixing. FIG. 4C shows an example of signal connection. FIG. 4D shows a modification of the fixed electrode 11.
[0083] An example shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D is an example of a structure in which the upper fixed electrode 10 of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 shown in FIGS. ...
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