System for the detection of cardiac events

Abstract

Disclosed is a system for the detection of cardiac events (a guardian system) that includes an implanted device called a cardiosaver, a physician's programmer and an external alarm system. The system is designed to provide early detection of cardiac events such as acute myocardial infarction or exercise induced myocardial ischemia caused by an increased heart rate or exertion. The system can also alert the patient with a less urgent alarm if a heart arrhythmia is detected. Using one or more detection algorithms, the cardiosaver can detect a change in the patient's electrogram that is indicative of a cardiac event within five minutes after it occurs and then automatically warn the patient that the event is occurring. To provide this warning, the guardian system includes an internal alarm sub-system (internal alarm means) within the cardiosaver and / or an external alarm system (external alarm means). If the guardian system is put into a pacemaker, the algorithm can utilize a different analysis of the electrogram depending on whether or not the pacemaker is actually pacing the heart.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 642,245, filed Aug. 18, 2003, entitled “System for the Detection of Cardiac Events,” which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 251,505, filed Sep. 30, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,609,023 entitled “System for the Detection of Cardiac Events”.FIELD OF USE [0002] This invention is in the field of systems, including devices implanted within a human patient, for the purpose of automatically detecting the onset of a cardiac event. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. A heart attack (also known as an Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)) typically results from a thrombus that obstructs blood flow in one or more coronary arteries. AMI is a common and life-threatening complication of coronary heart disease. The sooner that perfusion of the myocardium is restored (e.g., with injection of a thro...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0032] 6. the ability to provide messages including instructions to the patient via a pre-recorded human voice.

[0081] Yet another object of the present invention is to allow the threshold for detection of an excessive ST shift be different for the “normal” heart rate range as compared to one or more “elevated” heart rate ranges.

Problems solved by technology

AMI is a common and life-threatening complication of coronary heart disease.

Myocardial ischemia is caused by a temporary imbalance of blood (oxygen) supply and demand in the heart muscle.

However, without knowing the patient's normal ECG pattern detection from standard 12 lead ECG can be unreliable.

In addition, ideal placement of subcutaneous electrodes for detection of ST segment shifts as they would relate to a subcutaneously implanted device has not been explored in the prior art.

Although anti-tachycardia pacemakers and Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators (ICDs) can detect heart arrhythmias, none are currently designed to detect ischemia and acute myocardial infarction events independently or in conjunction with arrhythmias.

It has no real capability to detect ST segment shift and its high pass filtering would in fact preclude accurate detection of changes in the low frequency aspects of the heart's electrical signal.

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