The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation, and relates to a heat dissipation cabinet and communication equipment. The heat dissipation cabinet is characterized in that: a first accommodating area of a cabinet body can accommodate a plugboard in a stacked manner, and a heat source device of the plugboard dissipates heat through a heat dissipation device; an evaporator, a condenser, an evaporation pipeline and a liquid return pipeline of the heat dissipation device are connected to form a heat exchange loop, the evaporator is in thermal contact with the outer surface of the heat source device, and the condenser is arranged in the second containing area and located above the evaporator; circulating flow of a refrigerant in the heat exchange loop is achieved, heat of a heat source device is pulled to the condenser, the heat of the condenser is taken away through blowing of a draught fan, and concentrated heat dissipation is achieved; a second accommodating area serves as an independent air duct, the air duct path is short, the air volume can be increased, and system resistance is reduced; the size of the condenser is increased, the heat dissipation area of convective heat exchange is increased, and the heat dissipation capacity is improved; and the condenser is moved out of the plugboard and serves as a heat dissipation resource pool, and the situation that the heat dissipation area of a radiator is limited by slot space and heat dissipation is poor due to uneven slot air volume is overcome.