The invention relates to a casting method of a main reducer housing. The casting method includes: a precoated sand core forming process, a smelting ball iron process and a casting process, the precoated sand core forming process includes core-making of precoated sand, coated sand type assembly and sand-type steel shot filling; the smelting ball iron process includes electric-furnace smelting and charging of molten iron and treatment; the casting method is characterized by including casting, unboxing, de-gating, one-step shot blasting, grinding, secondary shot blasting and detecting. With the method, exhaust smoothness is guaranteed, generation of hole defects in the casting is avoided from the sand core exhaust process, sand hole and pore defective reject rate is controlled within 1%, shrinkage or porosity defect is avoided, the casting is stable in size and high in surface smoothness, the yield is higher as compared with that with a traditional casting method of the main reducer housing, the production process is easier to control, and production competitiveness has higher advantages.