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Toner compositions

A toner, water color technology, applied in the direction of developer, instrument, optics, etc., can solve problems such as difficult formation and control, unpredictable triboelectricity, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2012-07-04
XEROX CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This so-called "charge patching" effect makes smaller tribocharged particles more difficult to form and control
Triboelectricity can also be unpredictable because of the sensitivity of the materials used to form the toner

Method used

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  • Toner compositions
  • Toner compositions
  • Toner compositions

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0113] The solids content was about 41%, the particle size (D50) measured by a Microtrac Ultrafine Particle Analyzer Model 150 available from MicroTrac, Inc. was about 200 nm, and was obtained by using a Waters 2690 separation module, using a Waters 410 differential refractometer ( About 258 grams of polystyrene-co-n-butyl acrylate-β-carboxyethyl acrylate latex with a Mw of about 38k as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) from Waters Corporation and about 80.3 grams of Pigment Dispersion 122 (magenta pigment), about 20.1 grams of PR 185 pigment dispersion (PR 185 is magenta pigment), about 60 grams of POLYWAX725 Crystalline polyethylene wax dispersion purchased from Baker-Petrolite was mixed with about 670 grams of deionized water, added to a 2 L stainless steel reactor, and heated by a benchtop homogenizer (model ULTRA-TURRAX T50 Basic, purchased from IKA -Works (Wilmington, NC)) Mix at about 20°C for about 15 minutes.

[0114] About 2.2 grams of poly(alum...

Embodiment 2

[0116] Magenta toner particles were prepared using the same formulation and process conditions as in Example 1 above, except that no coalescent was added, and a higher coalescence temperature (about 96°C) and longer coalescence time (about 4.5 hours). The volume median particle size, circularity and volume average particle size distribution (GSDv) of the toner particles were measured by a Coulter counter multi-size II particle sizer in Example 1 as described above.

[0117] The multi-point BET (Brunauer, Emmett, Teller) method using nitrogen gas as an adsorbate was used to determine the toner particle surface area of ​​the control toner and the toner of the disclosure prepared according to Example 1 above. Accurately weigh approximately one gram of sample into the BET tube. Prior to analysis, samples were degassed using flowing nitrogen on a VacPrep 061 (available from Micromeritics Instrument Corporation of Norcross, Georgia) at about 30°C for about 12 hours to about 18 hour...

Embodiment 3

[0130] The toner of Example 1 was scaled up with the same reactive coalescent of Example 1 to produce two 20 gallon batches and tested using the same method as in Example 2 above. The quantities of reactants were as follows: about 12.9 kg polystyrene-co-n-butyl acrylate-β-carboxyethyl acrylate latex; about 2.7 kg pigment dispersion PR 122 (magenta pigment); about 2.7 kg PR 185 pigment dispersion (PR 185 is magenta pigment); about 3.7 kg with POLYWAX725 Crystalline polyethylene wax dispersion available from Baker-Petrolite; about 30 kg of deionized water; about 180 grams of poly(aluminum chloride) in about 1620 grams of about 0.02N nitric acid; about 6.9 kg of shell latex (same as above polystyrene-co-n-butyl acrylate-β-carboxyethyl acrylate latex); about 500 g of reactive coalescent, in the form of ARCHER RC TM Propylene glycol monoester available from Archer-Daniels-Midland Company (Decatur IL). The reaction conditions of Example 1, including temperature, pH, etc., were us...

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PUM

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Abstract

Processes for producing toner are provided which utilize reactive coalescing agents in forming the toner particles, as well as toners produced by such processes.

Description

technical field [0001] The present disclosure relates generally to methods of producing toners, and more particularly to methods of producing toners using reactive coalescents in forming toner particles, and to toners produced by such methods . Background technique [0002] Toners can also be produced by emulsion aggregation. A method of preparing an emulsion aggregation (EA) type toner is known, and the toner can be formed by aggregating a colorant with a latex polymer formed by an emulsion polymerization method. [0003] Toner systems are generally divided into two types: two-component systems, in which the developer material includes magnetic carrier particles with toner particles triboelectrically attached to the magnetic carrier particles; Single-component system (SDC) for colorants. Disposition of charge on particles to enable image movement and development via a polarizing electric field is most often achieved using triboelectricity. Tribocharging can occur by mix...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): G03G9/08
CPCG03G9/09392G03G9/0804
Inventor Z·赖Y·童C·M·沃尔夫C·-M·程
Owner XEROX CORP