Method for accurately and rapidly detecting antigens and antibodies in human serum in trace mode

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for accurately and rapidly detecting antigens and antibodies in human serum in a trace mode. The method comprises the steps of preparing trace (1ml) known anti-erythrocyte antigen and antibody on a trace detection plate by utilizing an immunohematology principle, adding trace (1ml) unknown erythrocytes to be detected, and detecting the antigens on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane; or adding trace (1ml) unknown serum to be detected into the erythrocytes with the known trace (1ml) erythrocyte antigen, and detecting the antigens and antibodies on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane in the human blood. The reaction identifier is collected by the erythrocytes, the reaction with the collected erythrocytes is a positive reaction, the reaction without the collected erythrocytes is a negative reaction, the method is combined with a centrifugal machine, a spectrophotometer, a microscope and computer programs, and the erythrocyte antigens and the antibodies in the serum can be rapidly, accurately and automatically detected. According to the trace detection plate kit, the safety, high efficiency and accuracy of the clinical erythrocyte zygosity can be greatly improved, the detection cost is reduced, and the development of clinical hematology application is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for detecting antibodies or antigens in human serum by using the principle of immunohematology, especially a method for detecting antigens and antibodies in human serum accurately, quickly and in a small amount. Background technique [0002] When particulate antigens such as bacteria and red blood cells are combined with corresponding antibodies, agglutination phenomenon visible to the naked eye may occur. As early as 1896, Widal used the phenomenon of specific agglutination between typhoid patient's serum and typhoid bacillus, and the discovery of red blood cell antigen and antibody for effective diagnosis of typhoid fever is the best example of agglutination reaction. In 1901, Kaul Landsteiner proved that when blood is transfused between people, the blood type of red blood cells can cause fever and jaundice in the recipient. Therefore, Kaul Landsteiner divided the blood types into A, B, and O types, and in practical...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the damage of radioisotopes to the human body, and the method is complicated, time-consuming, the results cannot be preserved, and the high price also limits the use of this method

[0012] The agglutination method using glass slides is simple and fast, but consumes a lot of reagents and is not very accurate and low in efficiency; the test tube agglutination method is accurate, but time-consuming, reagent-consuming, low in efficiency, and the results cannot be preserved; the gel method is accurate and the results can be preserved, but Time-consuming, expensive reagents, low efficiency; the results of the check plate method can be saved, fast, and can be easily automated, high efficiency but expensive reagents, the results cannot be saved, the operation is troublesome, not intuitive and sometimes errors occur, and manual review is required

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