Soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables

A soilless culture substrate and vegetable technology, applied in soilless culture, cultivation, botanical equipment and methods, etc., can solve the problems of difficulty in meeting the requirements of factory cultivation, small quantity, difficulty in collection, etc., so as to improve plant disease resistance, Rich in nutrients and reducing environmental pollution

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-03-27
江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, peat is produced in the Northeast, resources are scarce, and it cannot be regenerated. Enterprises in Jiangsu use peat at high cost; reed powder, traditional Chinese medicine residue, mushroom residue, etc. are large in size and need to be crushed; Difficulties and other deficiencies, it is difficult to meet the needs of factory cultivation
Although there are reports on the use of vinegar grains to produce substrates, the composition of the substrate is single and the nutrients are low, so the application effect is not very ideal.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] A cultivation substrate for soilless cultivation of vegetables, whose components include vermiculite and plant ash, characterized in that: the substrate also includes fermented vinegar grains and cassava residues; the volume ratio of the matrix formula components is: vinegar grains 50%, Cassava residue 20%, plant ash 15%, vermiculite 15%; the matrix has a water content of 25%, a total porosity of 65-95%, an organic matter content of ≥25%, a total nutrient content of 5%, a particle size of 0.1mm, and a bulk density of 0.2g / cm 3 , the air-water ratio is 1:2, the EC value is 1mS / cm, the pH is 6, the chloride ion content is ≤1.0, the roundworm egg mortality rate is ≥95%, the Escherichia coli content is ≤100 / g, and the arsenic content is ≤30mg / kg , the content of cadmium and its compounds ≤ 0.3mg / kg, the content of lead and its compounds ≤ 300mg / kg, the content of chromium and its compounds ≤ 200mg / kg, the content of mercury and its compounds ≤ 0.5mg / kg.

[0024] The matri...

Embodiment 2

[0026] A soilless cultivation substrate for melons, fruits and vegetables is characterized in that: the substrate formula volume ratio is: 40% of vinegar residue, 15% of cassava residue, 25% of plant ash, and 20% of vermiculite.

[0027] The water content of the matrix is ​​≤50%, the total porosity is 65-95%, the organic matter content is ≥25%, N+P 2 o 5 +K 2 The total nutrient content of O is 3%, the particle size is 4.9mm, and the bulk density is 0.8g / cm 3 , the air-water ratio is 1:4, the EC value is 3mS / cm, and the pH is 7.5.

[0028]The matrix fermentation treatment is to use the Japanese EM preparation to compost and decompose the vinegar grains and cassava residues. The composting time is 6 months; the amount of EM is 2kg of EM stock solution per 100m3 of raw materials.

Embodiment 3

[0030] A soilless cultivation substrate for melons, fruits and vegetables, its formula and fermentation treatment method are the same as in Example 1, the substrate has a water content of ≤45%, a total porosity of 70%, an organic matter content of ≥20%, N+P 2 o 5 +K 2 The total nutrient content of O is 5%, the particle size is 2-3mm, and the bulk density is 0.5g / cm 3 , the air-water ratio is 1:3, the EC value is 1.8mS / cm, and the pH is 6.8.

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate for fruits and vegetables and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The substrate comprises the following components in volume ratio: 40-50% of vinegar residue, 10-20% of manioc waste, 15-25% of plant ash and 10-20% of vermiculite; as for the substrate, the water content is 25-45%, the total porosity is 65-95%, the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 25%, the content of total nutrients is 2-5%, the grain diameter is 0.1-4.9mm, the volume weight is 0.2-0.8g / cm<3> and the gas / water ratio is 1: (2-4); and the EC (Elasticity Coefficient) value is 1-3mS / cm and the pH value is 6-7.5. According to the soilless culture substrate, organic wastes are mainly utilized as raw materials and are subjected to high-temperature fermentation treatment to produce the soilless culture substrate, so that the soilless culture substrate changes wastes into valuable things and turns harm into good. The soilless culture substrate for the fruits and the vegetables disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, light texture and complete nutrients, is very suitable for growth and development of the fruits and the vegetables, and is a good substrate for vegetable soilless culture.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a soilless cultivation substrate, in particular to a soilless cultivation substrate for fruits and vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation. Background technique [0002] Soilless cultivation refers to the method of irrigating and cultivating with substrate or nutrient solution without using natural soil. It is mainly used in the cultivation of fruits, vegetables or flowers. It is a high-yield, high-quality and advanced technology that saves water, fertilizer and labor. The technology originated in the middle of the 19th century and began to be applied to agricultural production in the 1930s. It was widely used in the Netherlands, Japan, New Zealand, Italy and other countries. At present, the soilless cultivation technology has been applied and developed in more than 100 countries around the world. [0003] my country's soilless cultivation technology research and application started relatively lat...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G31/00
CPCY02P60/21
Inventor 蔡立新朱忠贵蔡培元史振侠
Owner 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司
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