An FPGA-based automatic exposure control method and device suitable for space detection imaging

Abstract

The invention relates to an FPGA-based automatic exposure control method and its device suitable for space detection and imaging. The method obtains the average brightness of the current frame image from the average brightness of the main body image of the current frame, and according to the average brightness of the current frame image and the average brightness of the expected image The positive, negative, and magnitude of the difference are adaptively selected from the exposure time, and the average brightness of the current frame image reaches the expected average brightness of the image by continuous frame iterations. An automatic exposure control device for implementing the above automatic exposure control method includes an optical lens, an APS sensor, and an exposure control FPGA. The invention solves the technical problem of overexposure of the target image, segmentation of the target image, and the trade-off between automatic exposure speed and stability in the existing space detection imaging technology, improves the contrast of the image, and can realize the imaging in various space detection lighting environments. Faster, more stable, and more accurate automatic exposure control increases the adaptive ability of space detection environment imaging.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of automatic exposure control in deep space detection technology, in particular to an FPGA-based automatic exposure control method and device suitable for space detection imaging. Background technique [0002] The automatic exposure control of the imaging device has a great influence on the output image quality. The goal of automatic exposure control is to ensure that the details of the dark part of the image of the subject are not lost, the bright part is not exposed, and the average brightness is suitable for human eyes. [0003] When the imaging device used in space exploration is working in orbit, it is very important whether the exposure time is appropriate. If the exposure time is too short, the scene will be very dark, and if the exposure time is too long, the scene will be saturated in brightness. Therefore, automatic exposure control is necessary, but automatic Exposure control is very complicated. If the ex...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] First of all, in terms of the automatic exposure control method, ① the imaging device applied to space detection, when imaging the subject, cannot be set according to the scene because it is impossible to predict the lighting conditions, position, and image area occupied by the subject. Automatic Exposure Control Mode

②If the imaging device used in space detection uses the existing overall brightness of the image to control the exposure, if the brightness difference between the subject and the background is too large, the subject will be underexposed or overexposed

③ If the imaging device used in space detection adopts the reference brightness value control method of civilian cameras, the image is divided into blocks, and the brightness of each sub-image is used to set the reference brightness value, which can be obtained by adjusting the size of the aperture, of course Similarly, the reference brightness value can also be obtained by setting the shutter speed, and the imaging device applied to space detection is unmanned, and the aperture or shutter cannot be set

④ Some civilian cameras conduct exposure control by studying the relationship between brightness and exposure value under different lighting conditions. Imaging devices using space detection cannot pre-calibrate the brightness and exposure value, so this exposure control method cannot be used

⑤ Civilian automatic exposure control methods are based on the entire image for automatic exposure control. When the subject is small relative to the background, the subject will be overexposed

⑥The existing automatic exposure algorithm for the subject image, in order to segment the subject image, often uses a fixed brightness threshold for segmentation, but due to the temperature influence of the space detection imaging device, the fixed brightness threshold segmentation cannot adapt to various situations. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the method of adaptive threshold segmentation into the automatic exposure control method.

[0009] The automatic exposure control method currently used in space detection and imaging devices in China, because the imaging device cannot identify the shooting subject, when the scene in the field of view is relatively complex, effective exposure control cannot be performed, and it is greatly disturbed by noise and non-shooting subjects, making the shooting in the image It is difficult for the brightness of the subject to be within an appropriate range, which increases the difficulty of automatic exposure control

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