Precise grinding method for large-caliber axisymmetric aspheric surfaces

Abstract

A ground workpiece, a grinding wheel main shaft and a grinding wheel grinding tool are involved in a precise grinding method for large-caliber axisymmetric aspheric surfaces. The ground workpiece is fixedly arranged on a rotating working table. The top face of the ground workpiece is an aspheric surface. The grinding wheel main shaft is arranged on a y-axis feed slide base connected with an x-axis feed slide base. The grinding wheel grinding tool is fixed to the grinding wheel main shaft. The precise grinding method is characterized in that the rotating central line of the grinding wheel main shaft is controlled by a three-axis linkage control model to coincide with the normal of a grinding point on the generatrix of the aspheric surface all the time so that principle errors caused by grinding feed movement tracks can be avoided and the movement precision can be ensured; The aspheric surface is ground through the end face of the grinding wheel grinding tool so that the grinding ratio can be increased; and meanwhile, loss of the grinding wheel grinding tool is compensated for through a real-time detection method so that the grinding efficiency can be improved. A movement mechanism is simple, the grinding efficiency is improved, the grinding accuracy is ensured, and the precise grinding method can be suitable for grinding paraboloids of revolution, hyperboloids of revolution, ellipsoids of revolution and other large axisymmetric aspheric surfaces.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a precision grinding method in the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a precision grinding method for a large-diameter axisymmetric aspheric surface. Background technique [0002] Aspherical optical elements such as paraboloids, hyperboloids, and ellipsoids are the core components of large telescopes, space cameras, laser fusion, and space exploration systems, and are widely used in aviation, aerospace, national defense, and astronomical observation industries. At present, the diameter of aspheric optical elements has reached several meters, so the precision manufacturing technology of aspheric optical elements is the key technology. [0003] For the processing of non-ferrous metals and some crystal aspheric optical components, diamond ultra-precision turning can be used to complete; while for the aspheric processing of hard and brittle materials such as optical glass, glass ceramics and SiC, CNC grinding and fo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method of grinding with a point on the grinding wheel can obtain higher motion track accuracy, but grinding with a point on the grinding wheel will cause a lot of loss of the grinding wheel, and the wear compensation of the grinding wheel becomes the key, so it is necessary to repeatedly adjust the workpiece. Surface accuracy is detected, which will reduce grinding accuracy and grinding efficiency

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